River Surveys in Unmapped Territory

There are presented herein methods designed to assist engineers concerned with river-utilization problems in unmapped areas and in areas where stream flow data generally are lacking. The subject is treated under two headings: (a) Short- cut methods adapted to exploratory or reconnaissance surveys which limit engineers to the use of hand instruments, the slide rule, and expedients for estimating river discharge and river gradients; (b) methods of providing reliable surveys of specific local areas and also of providing more extensive maps which include the use of aerial photogrammetric methods. Convenient tables and diagrams are submitted. The hope is expressed that additional methods of this nature may be submitted by other engineers as the fruits of their experience.