Research Article
Jan 1981
Surface Hydrology: I—Explanation of Phenomena
Authors: Dan Zaslavsky and Gideon SinaiAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 107, Issue 1
Abstract
Nonisotropic sloping soil leads to a horizontal flow component during rain and infiltration. Splashing of raindrops and flow in the transition zone between the soil bulk and the air also lead to lateral flow. The result is concentration of moisture in concave spots to the point of saturation and even seepage out of the soil. The same occurs at steep soil cuts. Such moisture concentration can explain the formation of runoff during rainfall at low rates that do not exceed infiltration capacity, partial area contribution to runoff, net recharge of groundwater by low-rate rainfall, the formation of rills and gullies in a relatively dry area, delay of runoff after a certain total amount of rain irrespective of rain intensity, variations in soil formation in different parts of the landscape, poor distribution of irrigation water in nonplane fields, and leaching of the soil surface by water that was assumed to run only above the surface.
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Information
Published In
Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 107 • Issue 1 • January 1981
Pages: 1 - 16
Copyright
© 1981 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Jan 1981
Published online: Feb 3, 2021
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Authors
Affiliations
Dan Zaslavsky
Prof. of Soil and Water Engrg., Faculty of Agricultural Engrg., Soils and Fertilizers Div., Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
Gideon Sinai
Lect., Faculty of Agricultural Engrg., Soils and Fertilizers Div., Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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