Research Article
Feb 1970
Density Induced Return Currents in Outlet Channels
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VIEW THE REPLYAuthor: Ben P. RigterAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 96, Issue 2
Abstract
When a channel discharges fresh water into a basin filled with salt water an arrested saltwater wedge will develop. If the fresh water is discharged by an outlet-structure that is situated close to the basin, the salt wedge cannot develop its full length. The salt water is then mixed up with the discharged water close to the outlet-structure. A return current of salt water develops from the basin to the mixing region. The theory of two-layer flows is applied to determine the maximum return current. It is shown that this happens when both in the mouth and in the mixing region the flow pattern is internal critical, i.e., when one of the velocities of propagation of internal waves is zero. Nondimensional graphs are given and measurements in nature and in models show good agreement. Conclusions are drawn for the design of outlet channels, cooling water channels, and pneumatic barriers against saltwater intrusion.
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Published In
Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 96 • Issue 2 • February 1970
Pages: 529 - 546
Copyright
© 1970 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Feb 1970
Published online: Feb 3, 2021
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Authors
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Ben P. Rigter
Hydr. Engr., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Technol. Univ. Delft, The Netherlands
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