Research Article
Jul 1969
Hydraulic Properties of Small Unlined Rock Tunnels
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VIEW THE REPLYAuthor: Seppo PrihaAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 95, Issue 4
Abstract
The factors influencing the hydraulic characteristics of small unlined tunnel cross-sections are presented. Investigations were carried out in rock tunnels constructed by the Helsinki City Waterworks for conveying raw water. The length of the Silvola Reservoir entrance tunnel is 1.8 km and its theoretical cross section is 4.5 sq m. The length of the Silvola-Vanhakaupunki raw water tunnel is 7.6 km and its theoretical cross section 6 sq m. Vertical shafts divided both of the tunnels into three parts, in all of which cross-sectional measurements as well as pressure loss measurements for different discharges were carried out with measuring weirs and Siemens Venturi meters. All three tunnels were excavated by the so-called Swedish method in the most usual type of rock in Finland, composed mostly of granite and gneiss.
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Published In
Journal of the Hydraulics Division
Volume 95 • Issue 4 • July 1969
Pages: 1181 - 1210
Copyright
© 1969 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Jul 1969
Published online: Feb 3, 2021
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Seppo Priha
Chief construction Dept., Helsinki City Waterworks, Helsinki, Finland
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