Two-Stage Multiobjective Decision-Making Method Based on Agricultural Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Case Study in Hetao Irrigation District, China
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 149, Issue 8
Abstract
Due to the complex feedback cycle relationship among water resources, energy, and food, the agricultural water management mode and concept with a single object or two objects as the core can no longer meet the inherent requirements of the coordinated, sustained, and healthy development of economy and society. A two-stage multiobjective decision-making method based on a -dominance evolutionary algorithm (-DEA) is proposed for the optimization of agricultural systems with a water-energy-food nexus. First, the Pareto noninferior solution set of the model is obtained by the evolutionary algorithm based on -DEA. Then, the economic benefit and carbon emission of each solution are evaluated, and the optimal solution is selected by using the multiobjective decision-making method based on interval-valued hesitant fuzzy sets and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Through a case study of the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), the best optimization results are obtained when the carbon footprint is eq, and the economic benefit is yuan. The example shows that the model can well select the optimal allocation solution of water resources, which not only has high economic benefits and low pollution discharge but also meets the subjective wishes of decision-makers. The model has good practicability and stability.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This work has been funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51709195, 41807130, and U21A20524), Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province (No. 202204051002026), Scientific and Technological Cooperation and Exchange Project of Shanxi Province (No. 202204041101018), Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (No. 20210302123213), and Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Joint Training Base for Graduate Students (No. JD2022018).
References
Burney, J. A., S. J. Davis, and D. B. Lobell. 2010. “Greenhouse gas mitigation by agricultural intensification.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (26): 12052–12057. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914216107.
Candido, L. A., G. Coelho, M. de Moraes, and L. Florencio. 2022. “Review of decision support systems and allocation models for integrated water resources management focusing on joint water quantity-quality.” J. Water Res. Plann. Manage. 148 (2): 03121001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001496.
Chen, R., R. Zhang, and H. Han. 2021. “Where has carbon footprint research gone?” Ecol. Indic. 120 (Jan): 106882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106882.
Chen, T. 2018. “Remoteness index-based Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR methods with a generalized distance measure for multiple criteria decision analysis.” Inf. Fusion 41 (May): 129–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2017.09.003.
Daccache, A., J. S. Ciurana, J. A. Rodriguez Diaz, and J. W. Knox. 2014. “Water and energy footprint of irrigated agriculture in the Mediterranean region.” Environ. Res. Lett. 9 (12): 124014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/12/124014.
Gai, D. H. B., E. Shittu, Y. C. Ethan Yang, and H. Y. Li. 2022. “A comprehensive review of the nexus of food, energy, and water systems: What the models tell us.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 148 (6): 04022031. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001564.
Hillier, J., C. Hawes, G. Squire, A. Hilton, S. Wale, and P. Smith. 2009. “The carbon footprints of food crop production.” Int. J. Agric. Sustainability 7 (2): 107–118. https://doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2009.0419.
Kumar, D., S. R. Samantaray, and I. Kamwa. 2015. “Multi-objective design of advanced power distribution networks using restricted-population-based multi-objective seeker-optimisation-algorithm and fuzzy-operator.” IET Gener. Transm. Distrib. 9 (11): 1195–1215. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0757.
Li, M., Q. Fu, V. P. Singh, Y. Ji, D. Liu, C. Zhang, and T. Li. 2019. “An optimal modelling approach for managing agricultural water-energy-food nexus under uncertainty.” Sci. Total Environ. 651 (1): 1416–1434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.291.
Li, Y., J. Wang, D. Zhao, G. Li, and C. Chen. 2018. “A two-stage approach for combined heat and power economic emission dispatch: Combining multi-objective optimization with integrated decision making.” Energy 162 (Nov): 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.200.
Liao, H., Z. Xu, and X. Zeng. 2014. “Distance and similarity measures for hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets and their application in multi-criteria decision making.” Inf. Sci. 271 (Jul): 125–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2014.02.125.
Liou, S. M., S. L. Lo, and C. Y. Hu. 2003. “Application of two-stage fuzzy set theory to river quality evaluation in Taiwan.” Water Res. 37 (6): 1406–1416. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00479-7.
Lucas, R. E. 1976. “Econometric policy evaluation: A critique.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., Carnegie-Rochester Conf. Series on Public Policy, 19–46. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2231(76)80003-6.
Mabhaudhi, T., S. Mpandeli, L. Nhamo, V. G. P. Chimonyo, C. Nhemachena, A. Senzanje, D. Naidoo, and A. T. Modi. 2018. “Prospects for improving irrigated agriculture in Southern Africa: Linking water, energy and food.” Water 10 (12): 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10121881.
Mao, W., J. Yang, Y. Zhu, M. Ye, and J. Wu. 2017. “Loosely coupled SaltMod for simulating groundwater and salt dynamics under well-canal conjunctive irrigation in semi-arid areas.” Agric. Water Manage. 192 (Oct): 209–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.07.012.
Maqsood, I., and G. H. Huang. 2003. “A two-stage interval-stochastic programming model for waste management under uncertainty.” J. Air Waste Manage. 53 (5): 540–552. https://doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2003.10466195.
Nayeem, M. A., M. M. Islam, and X. Yao. 2019. “Solving transit network design problem using Many-Objective evolutionary approach.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 20 (10): 3952–3963. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2018.2883511.
Niu, G., Y. P. Li, G. H. Huang, J. Liu, and M. Chen. 2016. “Interactive fuzzy-boundary interval programming for water resources management of the Hetao Basin, China.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 142 (12): 04016056. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001088.
Olsson, A., P. E. Campana, M. Lind, and J. Yan. 2015. “PV water pumping for carbon sequestration in dry land agriculture.” Energy Convers. Manage. 102 (SI): 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.056.
Pérez-Blanco, C. D., A. Loch, F. Ward, C. Perry, and D. Adamson. 2021. “Agricultural water saving through technologies: A zombie idea.” Environ. Res. Lett. 16 (11): 114032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2fe0.
Piao, S., Y. He, X. Wang, and F. Chen. 2022. “Estimation of China’s terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink: Methods, progress and prospects.” Sci. China Earth Sci. 65 (4): 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9892-6.
Rosa, L., M. C. Rulli, K. F. Davis, and P. D’Odorico. 2018. “The Water-Energy nexus of hydraulic fracturing: A global hydrologic analysis for shale oil and gas extraction.” Earths Future 6 (5): 745–756. https://doi.org/10.1002/2018EF000809.
Singh, V. P., C. P. Khedun, and A. K. Mishra. 2014. “Water, environment, energy, and population growth: Implications for water sustainability under climate change.” J. Hydrol. Eng. 19 (4): 667–673. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000866.
Smith, P., et al. 2013. “How much land-based greenhouse gas mitigation can be achieved without compromising food security and environmental goals?” Global Change Biol. 19 (8): 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12160.
Tian, H., C. Lu, S. Pan, J. Yang, R. Miao, W. Ren, and J. Reilly. 2018. “Optimizing resource use efficiencies in the food–energy–water nexus for sustainable agriculture: From conceptual model to decision support system.” Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustainability 33 (Aug): 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.04.003.
Tong, W. J., X. L. Chen, X. Y. Wen, F. Chen, H. L. Zhang, Q. Q. Chu, and S. B. Dikgwatlhe. 2015. “Applying a salinity response function and zoning saline land for three field crops: A case study in the Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, China.” J. Integr. Agric. 14 (1): 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60761-9.
Wang, Y., C. Guo, X. Chen, L. Jia, X. Guo, R. Chen, M. Zhang, Z. Chen, and H. Wang. 2021. “Carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China: Goals, implementation path and prospects.” China Geol. 4 (4): 720–746. https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2021083.
West, T. O., and G. Marland. 2002. “Net carbon flux from agricultural ecosystems: Methodology for full carbon cycle analyses.” Environ. Pollut. 116 (3): 439–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00221-4.
Wojkowski, J., D. Młyński, T. Lepeška, A. Wałęga, and A. Radecki-Pawlik. 2019. “Link between hydric potential and predictability of maximum flow for selected catchments in Western Carpathians.” Sci. Total Environ. 683 (Sep): 293–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.159.
Yang, G., P. Guo, L. Huo, and C. Ren. 2015. “Optimization of the irrigation water resources for Shijin irrigation district in north China.” Agric. Water Manage. 158 (Aug): 82–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.04.006.
Yang, G., M. Li, and P. Guo. 2022. “Monte Carlo-Based agricultural water management under uncertainty: A case study of Shijin irrigation district, China.” J. Environ. Inf. 39 (2): 152–164. https://doi.org/10.3808/jei.202000441.
Yang, Y. E., C. Ringler, C. Brown, and M. A. H. Mondal. 2016. “Modeling the agricultural water–energy–food nexus in the Indus River Basin, Pakistan.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 142 (12): 04016062. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000710.
Yu, R., T. Liu, Y. Xu, C. Zhu, Q. Zhang, Z. Qu, X. Liu, and C. Li. 2010. “Analysis of salinization dynamics by remote sensing in Hetao Irrigation District of North China.” Agric. Water Manage. 97 (12SI): 1952–1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.03.009.
Yuan, Y., H. Xu, B. Wang, and X. Yao. 2016. “A new dominance relation—Based evolutionary algorithm for Many-Objective optimization.” IEEE Trans. Evolut. Comput. 20 (1): 16–37. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEVC.2015.2420112.
Yurek, Y. T., M. Bulut, B. Ozyoruk, and E. Ozcan. 2021. “Evaluation of the hybrid renewable energy sources using sustainability index under uncertainty.” Sustainable Energy Grids Networks 28 (Dec): 100527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2021.100527.
Zeng, R., X. Cai, C. Ringler, and T. Zhu. 2017. “Hydropower versus irrigation-an analysis of global patterns.” Environ. Res. Lett. 12 (3): 034006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa5f3f.
Zhang, J., Y. E. Yang, H. Li, and E. Shittu. 2021a. “Examining the food-energy-water-environment nexus in transboundary river basins through a human dimension lens: Columbia River Basin.” J. Water Res. Plann. Manage. 147 (10): 05021019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001461.
Zhang, X., P. Guo, F. Zhang, X. Liu, Q. Yue, and Y. Wang. 2021b. “Optimal irrigation water allocation in Hetao Irrigation District considering decision makers’ preference under uncertainties.” Agric. Water Manage. 246 (Mar): 106670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106670.
Zhang, Y., K. Huang, Y. Yu, and B. Yang. 2017. “Mapping of water footprint research: A bibliometric analysis during 2006-2015.” J. Cleaner Prod. 149 (Apr): 70–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.067.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 149 • Issue 8 • August 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 18, 2022
Accepted: Apr 9, 2023
Published online: Jun 7, 2023
Published in print: Aug 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Nov 7, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Algorithms
- Business management
- Case studies
- Decision making
- Economic factors
- Engineering fundamentals
- Irrigation
- Irrigation districts
- Irrigation engineering
- Irrigation water
- Mathematics
- Methodology (by type)
- Practice and Profession
- Research methods (by type)
- Water (by type)
- Water and water resources
- Water management
- Water policy
- Water resources
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.