Offshore Islands

Man-made offshore islands and as terminals for big ships. For transshipment and processing of materials, compatible groups of industries may be situated in juxtaposition near deep water, away from established coastal residential and recreational centers. Built of sand from the seabed, and of solid waste from mainland cities, islands could be an economic alternative to environmentally objectionable industrial expansion along the coastc. orifices along a pipe produce a water cwrrent which can be regarded e.g., for the protection of limited areas against sea waves or spreading of soil. This paper deals with the theory of the vertical current above the pipe, involving the use of the conservation equation for the emitted air. The purpose is to calculate the vertical center line velocity and the lateral spread. Information from large-scale experiments of Kobus and Bulson is used to estimate the parameters in the theory.