Technical Papers
Jun 2, 2023

Performance of State-Shared Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning Controlled Signal Corridor with Platooning-Based CAVs

Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 149, Issue 8

Abstract

The emerging technologies of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provide innovative methods and have a great potential for developing new solutions to improve the efficiency of several intersection systems. Based on the multisource data collected from the transportation environments, CAVs with the cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) system could merge into platoons and traverse the intersection quickly and smoothly. Meanwhile, the traffic information about the CAVs enables intelligent traffic signal controls with the help of DRL technologies. This research investigates the performance of a state-shared multiagent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) controlled signal corridor with platooning-based CAVs. A corridor with seven intersections from the Ingolstadt Traffic Scenario (InTAS) in Germany is selected as a case study. The state information is shared between neighboring intersections to overcome the partial information observation of the decentralized agents in the MADRL framework. A platooning framework with specific CACC systems for the leading and following vehicles is proposed. Results indicate that the state-shared MADRL with CAV platoons could significantly decrease the total waiting time, average queue length, and total CO2 emission of the corridor by 80%, 73%, and 54%, respectively, which could be beneficial in further improving the intersection efficiency, designing future intersections, and cooperating signals and CAVs platoons.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

All data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

The authors want to express their deepest gratitude to the financial support from the United States Department of Transportation and University Transportation Center through the Center for Advanced Multimodal Mobility Solutions and Education (CAMMSE) at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte (Grant No. 69A3551747133).

References

Adebisi, A., Y. Guo, B. Schroeder, J. Ma, B. Cesme, A. Bibeka, and A. Morgan. 2022. “Highway capacity manual capacity adjustment factor development for connected and automated traffic at signalized intersections.” J. Transp. Eng. Part A Syst. 148 (3): 04021121. https://doi.org/10.1061/JTEPBS.0000631.
Alegre, L. N. 2019. “SUMO-RL.” Accessed January 25, 2023. https://github.com/LucasAlegre/sumo-rl.
Ault, J., and G. Sharon. 2021. “Reinforcement learning benchmarks for traffic signal control.” In Proc., NeurIPS 2021. La Jolla, CA: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation.
Chu, T., J. Wang, L. Codeca, and Z. Li. 2020. “Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning for large-scale traffic signal control.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 21 (3): 1086–1095. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2901791.
Harth Michael, L. M., and K. Bogenberger. 2021. “Automated calibration of traffic demand and traffic lights in SUMO using real-world observations.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., SUMO Conf., 133–148. Hanover, Germany: TIB Open Publishing.
Haydari, A., and Y. Yilmaz. 2020. “Deep reinforcement learning for intelligent transportation systems: A survey.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 23 (1): 11–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2020.3008612.
Liu, H., L. Xiao, X. D. Kan, S. E. Shladover, X. Y. Lu, M. Wang, W. Schakel, and B. van Arem. 2018. Using cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) to form high-performance vehicle streams. Berkeley, CA: Univ. of California, Berkeley.
Lobo, S. C., S. Neumeier, E. M. G. Fernandez, and C. Facchi. 2020. “InTAS: The ingolstadt traffic scenario for SUMO.” Preprint, submitted November 4, 2020. http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.11995.
Milanes, V., S. E. Shladover, J. Spring, C. Nowakowski, H. Kawazoe, and M. Nakamura. 2014. “Cooperative adaptive cruise control in real traffic situations.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 15 (1): 296–305. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2013.2278494.
Milanés, V., and S. E. Shladover. 2014. “Modeling cooperative and autonomous adaptive cruise control dynamic responses using experimental data.” Transp. Res. Part C: Emerging Technol. 48: 285–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2014.09.001.
Mintsis, E., D. Koutras, K. Porfyri, E. Mitsakis, and L. Lücken. 2019. TransAID Deliverable 3.1-Modelling, simulation and assessment of vehicle automations and automated vehicles’ driver behaviour in mixed traffic-iteration 2. Hannover, Germany: Transition Areas for Infrastructure-Assisted Driving.
Ploeg, J., A. F. A. Serrarens, and G. J. Heijenk. 2011. “Connect & drive: Design and evaluation of cooperative adaptive cruise control for congestion reduction.” J. Mod. Transp. 19 (3): 207–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325760.
Rajamani, R. 2012. Vehicle dynamics and control: Mechanical engineering series. Boston: Springer.
Segata, M. 2017. “Platooning in SUMO: An open source implementation.” In Proc., SUMO User Conf., 51–62. Hannover, Germany: TIB Open Publishing.
Segata, M., S. Joerer, B. Bloessl, C. Sommer, F. Dressler, and R. Lo Cigno. 2014. “Plexe: A platooning extension for Veins.” In Proc., 2014 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conf., 53–60. New York: IEEE.
Shi, S., and F. Chen. 2018. “Deep recurrent Q-learning method for area traffic coordination control.” J. Adv. Math. Comput. Sci. 27 (3): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAMCS/2018/41281.
Shladover, S. E. 2018. “Connected and automated vehicle systems: Introduction and overview.” J. Intell. Transp. Syst. Technol. Plann. Oper. 22 (3): 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/15472450.2017.1336053.
Shladover, S. E., D. Su, and X. Y. Lu. 2012. “Impacts of cooperative adaptive cruise control on freeway traffic flow.” Transp. Rec. J. Transp. Res. 2324 (1): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.3141/2324-08.
Song, L., and W. Fan. 2021. “Traffic signal control under mixed traffic with connected and automated vehicles: A transfer-based deep reinforcement learning approach.” IEEE Access 9: 145228–145237. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3123273.
Song, L., W. Fan, and P. Liu. 2021. “Exploring the effects of connected and automated vehicles at fixed and actuated signalized intersections with different market penetration rates.” Transp. Plan. Technol. 44 (6): 577–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943129.
SUMO. 2022. “Traffic lights: SUMO documentation.” Accessed January 25, 2023. https://sumo.dlr.de/docs/Simulation/Traffic_Lights.html#coordination.
Treiber, M., A. Hennecke, and D. Helbing. 2000. “Congested traffic states in empirical observations and microscopic simulations.” Phys. Rev. E 62 (2): 1805–1824. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.62.1805.
Treiber, M., and A. Kesting. 2013. Traffic flow dynamics: Data, models and simulation. Berlin: Springer.
Virdi, N., H. Grzybowska, S. T. Waller, and V. Dixit. 2019. “A safety assessment of mixed fleets with connected and autonomous vehicles using the surrogate safety assessment module.” Accid. Anal. Prev. 131 (Oct): 95–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.06.001.
Xiao, L., M. Wang, and B. Van Arem. 2017. “Realistic car-following models for microscopic simulation of adaptive and cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles.” Transp. Rec. J. Transp. Res. 2623 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3141/2623-01.
Yang, H., H. Rakha, and M. V. Ala. 2017. “Eco-cooperative adaptive cruise control at signalized intersections considering queue effects.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 18 (6): 1575–1585. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2016.2613740.
Zhang, R., A. Ishikawa, W. Wang, B. Striner, and O. K. Tonguz. 2021. “Using reinforcement learning with partial vehicle detection for intelligent traffic signal control.” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 22 (1): 404–415. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2958859.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 149Issue 8August 2023

History

Received: Oct 24, 2022
Accepted: Mar 31, 2023
Published online: Jun 2, 2023
Published in print: Aug 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Nov 2, 2023

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Associate Professor, School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan Univ. of Technology, Wuhan, Civil Bldg., Room 404, 1178 Heping Blvd., Wuhan 430063, China; Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of North Carolina at Charlotte EPIC Bldg., Room 3366, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223-0001. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4888-6045. Email: [email protected]
P.E.
Director, USDOT Center for Advanced Multimodal Mobility Solutions and Education (CAMMSE), Charlotte, NC 28223-0001; Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of North Carolina at Charlotte, EPIC Bldg., Room 3261, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223-0001 (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-710X. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share