Modeling External Trips: Review of Past Studies and Directions for Way Forward
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 144, Issue 9
Abstract
Proper estimation of external trips is vital because it may affect the model validation results when compared with traffic counts. In practice, external trips are divided into three categories: external–external (EE), external–internal (EI), and internal–external (IE) trips. EE and EI trips are carried out by nonresidents, whereas IE trips are carried out by residents of the study area. This paper discusses modeling attempts for EE and EI trips and the application of existing models for generation and distribution of EE and EI trips. These models are applied in the Leuven region of Belgium to study their transferability, which was found to be poor. Given these shortcomings, new extensions and variables are proposed that have improved the model performance. Then, the current practices to incorporate residents’ external trips (IE) in activity-based models are also described along with their consequences in the demand modeling framework. An approach by defining a catchment area (CA) outside the study area is then proposed to improve the modeling framework. Results validate the proposed methodology. The paper, therefore, shall be beneficial for both researchers and practitioners.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Ashar Lodi for providing the “Karachi Transportation Improvement Project (KTIP) – 2030” data set, Wim Ectors for BELDAM data, and Dr. Won Do Lee for SMA HTS data. The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments that improved the paper significantly.
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Published In
Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 144 • Issue 9 • September 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 14, 2017
Accepted: Apr 11, 2018
Published online: Jul 2, 2018
Published in print: Sep 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Dec 2, 2018
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