Research Article
Jul 1964
Clay Mineralogical Aspects of the Atterberg Limits
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VIEW THE REPLYAuthors: H. Bolton Seed, M.ASCE, Richard J. Woodward Jr., F.ASCE, and Raymond Lundgren, M.ASCEAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division
Volume 90, Issue 4
Abstract
Data is presented to show that, for artificial soils containing mixtures, in pairs, of kaolinite, illite, and bentonite clay minerals, or these individual clay minerals, the activity will accurately classify the soils with regard to their liquid limit versus clay content relationships, or with regard to their swelling potentials, regardless of the clay mineral composition of the clay friction. Moreover, analysis of these relationships shows that inorganic clays containing these minerals, individually or in pairs, must lie in a relatively small zone of the plasticity chart. For clay mixtures containing more than approximately 5% bentonite, it is shown that mixtures of illite and bentonite are less active than mixtures of kaolinite and bentonite in the same proportions and, correspondingly, they have lower swelling characteristics. It is shown that this fact can be used to advantage in recognizing situations in which the effects of bentonite on the properties of clay soils will be minimized or, alternatively, to effect a minimization of the influence of bentonite or montmorillonite on the properties of a clay.
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Published In
Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division
Volume 90 • Issue 4 • July 1964
Pages: 107 - 131
Copyright
© 1964 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Jul 1964
Published online: Feb 12, 2021
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Affiliations
H. Bolton Seed, M.ASCE
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Richard J. Woodward Jr., F.ASCE
Senior Partner, Woodward, Clyde, Sherard and Assocs., Oakland, Calif.
Raymond Lundgren, M.ASCE
Partner, Woodward, Clyde, Sherard and Assocs., Oakland, Calif.
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