Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Pull-Out Test

A specific pull-out test used to determine in-situ concrete compressive strength is analyzed. This test consists of a steel disc that is extracted from the structure. The finite element analysis considers cracking as well as strain hardening and softening in the pre- and post-failure region, respectively. The aim is to attain a clear insight into structural behavior. Special attention is given to the failure mode. Severe cracking occurs and the stress distribution is very inhomogeneous. However, large compressive forces run from the disc in a rather narrow band towards the support and this constitutes the load-carrying mechanism. The failure is caused by the crushing of the concrete in this region, and not by cracking.