Riveted and Bolted Joints: Net Section Design

A discussion and analysis is presented of the factors which affect the behavior of single and double plane tension connections fabricated of structural plates and shapes. Such connections are now designed on the basis of a theoretical net section; however, research has shown that the behavior is a function also of the geometry of the member and connection, the manner in which the stress is transferred through the connection and the method of fabrication. The efficiency of a connection is expressed in terms of the net section area, an efficiency coefficient, a fabrication factor, a bearing factor, a shear lag factor and a ductility factor, and all of these factors are included in an empirical design rule for tension connections that will result in a more realistic section, a more consistent factor of safety based on ultimate strength, and often a savings in material.