State-of-the-Art Reviews
Jul 17, 2023

A Review of Design, Manufacture, and Mechanical Properties of Steel Skeleton Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipes

Publication: Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice
Volume 14, Issue 4

Abstract

As a cost-effective production, steel reinforced thermoplastic pipes (S-RTPs) are employed in many industrial fields, such as the marine and petrochemical industries. The design, manufacture, and mechanical properties of S-RTPs are more challenging than those of traditional pipes because of their complicated behaviors and damage mechanisms. A comprehensive review of the design, manufacture, and mechanical behavior of S-RTPs is presented to understand the predictive capabilities, efficiency, and drawbacks of S-RTPs. The limitations of the existing investigations of S-RTPs and the guidance on future research to improve the analysis and design of S-RTPs are also reviewed, discussed, and provided.

Practical Applications

This article is the first systematic review to consolidate the understanding of the mechanical performance and existing problems related to steel reinforced plastic pipes (S-RTPs). An S-RTP is a cost-effective production, and it has been employed in many industrial fields, such as the marine and petrochemical industries. The design, manufacture, and understanding of mechanical properties of S-RTPs are quite complicated, and they are more challenging than those of traditional pipes like carbon steel pipes, due to their complex behaviors and failure process. However, there has been no review to consolidate the understanding of the behavior and problems related to S-RTPs to the best of our knowledge. This paper reviews existing work in design, manufacture, mechanical properties, and some potential nondestructive testing techniques of S-RTPs to understand the predictive capabilities, efficiency, and drawbacks of S-RTPs. The limitations of the existing investigations of S-RTPs and the guidance on future research to improve the analysis and design of S-RTPs are also reviewed, discussed, and provided. People including scientists, engineers, workers, students, and potential purchasers can get the content of interest about different kinds of S-RTPs from this paper.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

No data, models, or code were generated or used during the study.

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51805378), CSC scholarship (CSC No. 201609110015), Applied Fundamental Research of Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau, China (Grant No. 2019010701011417), and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety, Wuhan Institute of Technology (Grant No. 2021KA05) and thank Dr. Weican Guo for his support and fruitful discussion for this study.

References

Abdulla, A., R. Hanna, K. R. Schell, O. Babacan, and D. G. Victor. 2020. “Explaining successful and failed investments in US carbon capture and storage using empirical and expert assessments.” Environ. Res. Lett. 16 (1): 14036. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd19e.
API (American Petroleum Institute). 2006a. Qualification of spoolable reinforced plastic line pipes. API RP 15S. Washington, DC: API.
API (American Petroleum Institute). 2006b. Specification for unbonded flexible pipe. API SPEC 17J. Washington, DC: API.
Avery, A., and S. Martin. 2003. “Reinforced thermoplastic pipe—Innovative technology for onshore field developments.” In Proc., 22nd Int. Conf. on offshore Mechanics & Arctic Engineering, 787–794. New York: ASME Ocean, Offshore, and Arctic Engineering Division.
Bai, Q., Y. Bai, and W. Ruan. 2017a. Chap. 17 in Advances in pipes and pipelines: Flexible pipes. Beverly, MA: Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Bai, Y., W. Chen, H. Xiong, H. Qiao, and H. Yan. 2015a. “Analysis of steel strip reinforced thermoplastic pipe under internal pressure.” Ships Offshore Struct. 11 (7): 766–773. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445302.2015.1063470.
Bai, Y., S. Liu, P. H. Han, W. Ruan, G. Tang, and Y. Cao. 2018. “Behaviour of steel wire-reinforced thermoplastic pipe under combined bending and internal pressure.” Ships Offshore Struct. 13 (7): 696–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445302.2018.1434114.
Bai, Y., T. Liu, P. Cheng, S. Yuan, D. Yao, and G. Tang. 2016. “Buckling stability of steel strip reinforced thermoplastic pipe subjected to external pressure.” Compos. Struct. 152 (Sep): 528–537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.05.051.
Bai, Y., T. Liu, W. Ruan, and W. Chen. 2017b. “Mechanical behavior of metallic strip flexible pipe subjected to tension.” Compos. Struct. 170 (Jun): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.02.044.
Bai, Y., W. Ruan, P. Cheng, B. Yu, and W. Xu. 2014. “Buckling of reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) under combined bending and tension.” Ships Offshore Struct. 9 (5): 525–539. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445302.2014.887171.
Bai, Y., J. Tang, W. Xu, Y. Cao, and R. Wang. 2015b. “Collapse of reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) under combined external pressure and bending moment.” Ocean Eng. 94 (Jan): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.10.002.
Bai, Y., P. Wang, H. Xiong, and G. Tang. 2015c. “Mechanical behavior of pipe reinforced by steel wires under external pressure.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 35 (5): 398–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415620687.
Bai, Y., F. Xu, and P. Cheng. 2012. “Investigation on the mechanical properties of the reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) under internal pressure.” In Proc., 22nd Int. Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf., 109–116. Cupertino, CA: International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers.
Böhm, R., J. Stiller, T. Behnisch, M. Zscheyge, R. Protz, S. Radloff, M. Gude, and W. Hufenbach. 2015. “A quantitative comparison of the capabilities of in situ computed tomography and conventional computed tomography for damage analysis of composites.” Compos. Sci. Technol. 110 (Apr): 62–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.01.020.
Cerniglia, D., A. Pantano, and N. Montinaro. 2010. “3D simulations and experiments of guided wave propagation in adhesively bonded multi-layered structures.” NDT & E Int. 43 (6): 527–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2010.05.009.
Chapman, B., G. Bulmer, G. Bolam, M. Kalman, T. Sheldrake, and C. Soens. 2010. “Pipe and coupling design methodology for reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) products.” In Proc., 3rd Composite Materials for Offshore Operations, 231–246. Houston: Composites Engineering and Applications Center for Petroleum Exploration and Production, Univ. of Houston.
Cheng, X. 2003. “Analysis and study on properties of steel framed polyethylene plastic pipes.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Univ.
Chiffre, L. D., S. Carmignato, J. Kruth, R. Schmitt, and A. Weckenmann. 2014. “Industrial applications of computed tomography.” CIRP Anal. 63 (2): 655–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2014.05.011.
CMPRC (Construction Ministry of the People’s Republic of China). 2003a. Buried perforated steel stripes polyethylene pipe for gas supply. CJ/T 182. Beijing: CMPRC.
CMPRC (Construction Ministry of the People’s Republic of China). 2003b. Perforated steel stripes polyethylene pipe for water supply. CJ/T 181. Beijing: CMPRC.
CMPRC (Construction Ministry of the People’s Republic of China). 2003c. Steel framed polyethylene pipes for water supply. CJ/T 123. Beijing: CMPRC.
CMPRC (Construction Ministry of the People’s Republic of China). 2007. Steel wire reinforced thermoplastics (PE) composite pipe and fitting. CJ/T 189. Beijing: CMPRC.
CMPRC (Construction Ministry of the People’s Republic of China). 2014. Steel framed polyethylene pipes and fittings for supply of gaseous fuels. CJ/T 125. Beijing: CMPRC.
CNSMC (China National Standardization Management Committee). 2015. Cross helically wound steel wires reinforced-polyethylene composite pipelines for water supply. GB/T 32439. Beijing: CNSMC.
Cuan, Z. 2008. “Development and application of new types of RTP pressure resistance pipes.” [In Chinese.] World Plast. 26 (1): 74–77.
Dalmolen, L., and M. Kruyer. 2009. “Offshore application of reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP).” PetroMin-Pipeliner 1 (Oct): 14–18.
DNV (Det Norske Veritas). 2015. Thermoplastic composite pipes. DNVGL RP F119. Bærum, Norway: DNV.
Dudley, B. 2018. BP statistical review of world energy. London: British Petroleum.
Fang, P., S. Yuan, P. Cheng, Y. Bai, and Y. Xu. 2019. “Mechanical responses of metallic strip flexible pipes subjected to pure torsion.” Appl. Ocean Res. 86 (May): 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2019.02.009.
Favro, L., X. Han, Z. Ouyang, G. Sun, H. Sui, and R. Thomas. 2000. “Infrared imaging of defects heated by a sonic pulse.” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71 (6): 2418–2421. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1150630.
Francis, D., R. Tatam, and R. Groves. 2010. “Shearography technology and applications: A review.” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21 (10): 102001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/21/10/102001.
Gao, L., T. Liu, Q. Shao, N. Fantuzzi, and W. Chen. 2020. “Burst pressure of steel reinforced flexible pipe.” Mar. Struct. 71 (May): 102704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2019.102704.
Garcea, S., Y. Wang, and P. Withers. 2018. “X-ray computed tomography of polymer composites.” Compos. Sci. Technol. 156 (Mar): 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.10.023.
Ghiglia, D., and M. Pritt. 1998. Two-dimensional phase unwrapping: Theory, algorithms, and software. New York: Wiley.
Guan, R. Q., Y. Lu, W. H. Duan, and X. M. Wang. 2017. “Guided waves for damage identification in pipeline structures: A review.” Struct. Control Health Monit. 24 (11): e2007. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2007.
Guo, B., S. Song, A. Ghalambor, and T. R. Lin. 2014. Offshore pipelines: Design, installation, and maintenance. 2nd ed. New York: Gulf Professional Publishing.
Hollaway, L. C. 2010. “A review of the present and future utilisation of FRP composites in the civil infrastructure with reference to their important in-service properties.” Constr. Build. Mater. 24 (12): 2419–2445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.062.
Hongyi, S., M. Wenqi, K. Dachang, and Z. Keding. 2003. “Finite element analysis of the steel reinforced plastic pipe.” Supplement, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 19 (S1): 43–45. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1005-0302.2003.z1.014.
Hull, D., and T. W. Clyne. 1982. An introduction to composite materials. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Hung, Y., Y. S. Chen, S. P. Ng, L. Liu, Y. H. Huang, B. L. Luk, R. W. Ip, C. M. Wu, and P. S. Chung. 2009. “Review and comparison of shearography and active thermography for nondestructive evaluation.” Mater. Sci. Eng.: R: Rep. 64 (5–6): 73–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2008.11.001.
Hung, Y. Y. 1982. “Shearography: A new optical method for strain measurement and nondestructive testing.” Opt. Eng. 21 (3): 213391. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.7972920.
Huthwaite, P., and M. Seher. 2015. “Robust helical path separation for thickness mapping of pipes by guided wave tomography.” IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 62 (5): 927. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.006884.
ISO. 2006. Petroleum and natural gas industries-design and operation of subsea production system—Part 2: Unbounded flexible pipe systems for subsea and marine application. ISO 13628-2. Geneva: ISO.
Ivanov, S. G., A. N. Anoshkin, and V. Y. Zuyko. 2011. “Viscoelastic behavior and durability of steel wire-reinforced polyethylene pipes under a high internal pressure.” Mech. Compos. Mater. 47 (2): 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-011-9202-1.
Ivanov, S. G., L. L. Strikovskii, M. A. Gulyaeva, and V. Y. Zuiko. 2005. “Modeling the mechanical behavior of metal-reinforced plastic pipes under internal pressure.” Mech. Compos. Mater. 41 (1): 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00022030.
Khatri, D. K., J. Han, R. Corey, R. L. Parsons, and J. J. Brennan. 2015. “Laboratory evaluation of installation of a steel-reinforced high-density polyethylene pipe in soil.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 49 (Jun): 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.04.013.
Kruijer, M. P., L. L. Warnet, and R. Akkerman. 2005. “Analysis of the mechanical properties of a reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP).” Composites, Part A 36 (2): 291–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(04)00168-X.
Kruijer, M. P., L. L. Warnet, and R. Akkerman. 2006. “Modelling of the viscoelastic behaviour of steel reinforced thermoplastic pipes.” Composites, Part A 37 (2): 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.04.019.
Kuang, W. Y. 2021. “Numerical study of strain-based monitoring parameter on steel strip reinforced thermoplastic pipe (SSRTP) under internal pressure.” J. Pipeline Sci. Eng. 1 (2): 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpse.2021.05.004.
Leiderman, R., J. Figueroa, A. Braga, and F. Rochinha. 2016. “Scattering of ultrasonic guided waves by heterogeneous interfaces in elastic multi-layered structures.” Wave Motion 63 (Jun): 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wavemoti.2016.01.006.
Leonard, K. R., and M. K. Hinders. 2003. “Guided wave helical ultrasonic tomography of pipes.” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 114 (2): 767–774. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1593068.
Li, G. H., W. J. Wang, Z. J. Jing, X. C. Ma, and L. B. Zuo. 2016. “Experimental study and finite element analysis of critical stresses of reinforced thermoplastic pipes under various loads.” Strength Mater. 48 (1): 165–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11223-016-9752-5.
Li, H., M. Yan, D. Qi, N. Ding, X. Cai, S. Zhang, Q. Li, X. Zhang, and J. Deng. 2012. “Failure analysis of steel wire reinforced thermoplastics composite pipe.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 20 (Mar): 88–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2011.11.002.
Li, X., J. Zheng, Y. Qin, and P. Xu. 2010a. “Long-term stress analysis of plastic pipe reinforced by cross-wound steel wire.” J. Pressure Vessel Technol. 132 (4): 041201. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001424.
Li, X., J. Zheng, F. Shi, Y. Qin, and P. Xu. 2009. “Buckling analysis of plastic pipe reinforced by cross-winding steel wire under bending.” In Proc., ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conf. PVP2009, 1–10. New York: ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Division.
Li, X., J. Zheng, J. Shi, Y. Li, and P. Xu. 2010b. “Experimental investigation on buckling of plastic pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under external pressure.” J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 23 (6): 827–843. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705710368349.
Liang, J. 2014. “The strength analysis of plastic pipe reinforced by crosswinding steel strands tape.” [In Chinese.] Master’s thesis, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, South China Univ. of Technology.
Lin, S., and Y. Bai. 2016. “Analysis of steel strip flexible pipes under internal pressure and bending.” J. Ship Mech. 20 (12): 1595–1603. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2016.12.009.
Liu, T., B. J. Leira, P. Fu, Y. Bai, and D. Liu. 2018. “Reliability-based safety factor for metallic strip flexible pipe subjected to external pressure.” Ocean Eng. 148 (Jan): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.10.025.
Luo, X., J. Zheng, P. Xu, W. Guo, and J. Shi. 2014. “Prediction on short-term burst pressure of plastic pipe reinforced by cross-winding steel wires.” In Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Construction Materials and Structures, 1256–1263. Harbin, China: Harbin Institute of Technology.
Maldague, X. 1993. Nondestructive evaluation of materials by infrared thermography. New York: Springer.
MIIT (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China). 2012. Steel framed polyethylene plastic pipes for industry. HG/T 3690. Beijing: MIIT.
MIIT (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China). 2014. Steel framed polyethylene plastic pipes for industry. HG/T 4586. Beijing: MIIT.
Naresh, K., K. Khan, R. Umer, and W. Cantwell. 2020. “The use of X-ray computed tomography for design and process modeling of aerospace composites: A review.” Mater. Des. 190 (May): 108553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108553.
NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission, People’s Republic of China). 2003. Perforated steel skeleton polyethylene composite pipes for industry. HG/T 3706. Beijing: NDRC.
NEB (National Energy Board). 2012a. Non-metallic composite pipe for petroleum and natural gas industries—Part 1: Steel skeleton reinforced polythene composite pipes. SY/T 6662.1. Calgary, AB, Canada: NEB.
NEB (National Energy Board). 2012b. Non-metallic composite pipe for petroleum and natural gas industries—Part 2: Flexible composite pipe for high pressure transmission. SY/T 6662.2. Calgary, AB, Canada: NEB.
NEB (National Energy Board). 2012c. Non-metallic composite pipe for petroleum and natural gas industries—Part 4: Steel skeleton reinforced thermoplastic resin coiled composite pipes and end fittings. SY/T 6662.4. Calgary, AB, Canada: NEB.
Nie, X., J. Shi, and J. Zheng. 2016. “Short-term burst pressure of large diameter and high pressure reinforced thermoplastic pipe.” In Proc., Pressure Vessels and Piping Conf., 1–9. New York: ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Division.
Pedrini, G., Y. Zou, and H. Tiziani. 1996. “Quantitative evaluation of digital shearing interferogram using the spatial carrier method.” Pure Appl. 5 (3): 313–321. https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/5/3/008.
Pham, D.-C., N. Sridhar, X. Qian, A. J. Sobey, M. Achintha, and A. Shenoi. 2016. “A review on design, manufacture and mechanics of composite risers.” Ocean Eng. 112 (Jan): 82–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.12.004.
Qi, G., Y. Wu, D. Qi, B. Wei, H. Li, N. Ding, and X. Cai. 2015. “Experimental study on the thermostable property of aramid fiber reinforced PE-RT pipes.” Nat. Gas Ind. B 2 (5): 461–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ngib.2015.09.023.
Qiu, Q. 2020. “Imaging techniques for defect detection of fiber reinforced polymer-bonded civil infrastructures.” Struct. Control Health Monit. 27 (8): e2555. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2555.
Rafiee, R. 2016. “On the mechanical performance of glass-fibre-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipes: A review.” Compos. Struct. 143 (May): 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.037.
Rao, J., J. Dong, J. Wang, and E. Rank. 2020. “Application of common-path speckle interferometer with unlimited minimal shearing amount to characterization of irregularly shaped defect.” NDT & E Int. 116 (Dec): 102326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2020.102326.
Rao, J., M. Ratassepp, and Z. Fan. 2016a. “Guided wave tomography based on full waveform inversion.” IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 63 (5): 737–745. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2536144.
Rao, J., M. Ratassepp, and Z. Fan. 2016b. “Limited-view ultrasonic guided wave tomography using an adaptive regularization method.” J. Appl. Phys. 120 (19): 194902. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4967790.
Rao, J., M. Ratassepp, and Z. Fan. 2017a. “Investigation of the reconstruction accuracy of guided wave tomography using full waveform inversion.” J. Sound Vib. 400 (Jul): 317–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2017.04.017.
Rao, J., M. Ratassepp, and Z. Fan. 2017b. “Quantification of thickness loss in a liquid-loaded plate using ultrasonic guided wave tomography.” Smart. Mater. Struct. 26 (12): 125017. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aa95e9.
Rao, J., M. Ratassepp, D. Lisevych, M. H. Caffoor, and Z. Fan. 2017c. “On-line corrosion monitoring of plate structures based on guided wave tomography using piezoelectric sensors.” Sensors 17 (12): 2882. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122882.
Ray, B., S. Hasan, and D. Clegg. 2007. “Evaluation of defects in FRP composites by NDT techniques.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 26 (12): 1187–1192. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684407079348.
Ren, Z., D. Ren, K. Liu, and J. Liu. 2002. “The finite element analysis of steel wire frame reinforced plastic pipes.” China Plast. 16 (11): 40–42. https://doi.org/10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2002.11.010.
Schilling, P., B. Karedla, A. Tatiparthi, M. Verges, and P. Herrington. 2005. “X-ray computed microtomography of internal damage in fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites.” Compos. Sci. Technol. 65 (14): 2071–2078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.05.014.
Schwarz, M., M. Schwarz, S. Herter, and H. Herrmann. 2019. “Nondestructive testing of a complex aluminum-CFRP hybrid structure with EMAT and thermography.” J. Nondestr. Eval. 38 (Mar): 35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-019-0578-5.
Seintey, M., and D. Almond. 1995. “Defect sizing by transient thermography. II. A numerical treatment.” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 28 (12): 2539–2546. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/28/12/023.
Shang, P., A. Xu, and J. Zhao. 2012. “Mechanical property analysis of two kinds of steel wire reinforced composite pipes.” J. Intell. Eng. Stems 5 (3): 11–18. https://doi.org/10.22266/ijies2012.9030.02.
Shang, P., Y. X. Xu, and J. Zhao. 2013. “Parameters optimization of steel wire reinforced thermoplastics composite pipe.” Adv. Mater. Res. 690 (May): 399–403. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.690-693.399.
Shi, J., J. Shi, H. Chen, Y. He, Q. Wang, Y. Zhang, and G. Li. 2018. “Short-term mechanical analysis of polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires using steel wire spiral structural model.” J. Pressure Vessel Technol. 140 (3): 031404. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4039344.
Shi, J., J. Shi, and J. Zheng. 2013. “Investigation on shear strength of steel-polymer adhesive interface in plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires.” In Proc., ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conf. PVP2013, 1–9. New York: ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Division.
Shi, J., L. Zeng, Y. Wan, J. Shi, X. Nie, H. Chen, Z. Yu, and G. Li. 2020. “Modeling the interfacial debonding behavior between steel wire and adhesive.” J. Pressure Vessel Technol. 142 (6): 061501. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4047159.
Shi, J., S. Zhong, X. Nie, J. Shi, and J. Zheng. 2021. “Study on steel wire reinforced thermoplastic pipes under combined internal pressure and bending moment at various temperatures.” Thin-Walled Struct. 169 (Dec): 108381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.108381.
Sim, C., F. Chau, and S. Toh. 1995. “Vibration analysis and non-destructive testing with real time shearography.” Opt. Laser Technol. 27 (1): 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-3992(95)93958-T.
Steinchen, W., L. Yang, G. Kupfer, and P. Mackel. 1998. “Non-destructive testing of aerospace composite materials using digital shearography.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 212 (1): 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1243/0954410981532108.
Taillade, F., M. Quiertant, K. Benzarti, C. Aubagnac, and E. Moser. 2011. “Shearography applied to the non destructive evaluation of bonded interfaces between concrete and CFRP overlays: From the laboratory to the field.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 15 (4): 545–556. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2011.9693346.
Tsakiris, G., and V. Tsakiris. 2012. “Pipe technologies for urban water conveyance distribution systems.” Water Util. J. 3 (1): 29–36.
Vavilov, V. 2014. “Thermal NDT: Historical milestones, state-of-the-art and trends.” Quant. InfraRed Thermogr. J. 11 (1): 66–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/17686733.2014.897016.
Xiong, H., Y. Bai, H. Qiao, and W. Ruan. 2015. “Analysis on the mechanical properties of the plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically winding steel wires under internal pressure.” In Proc., ASME 2015 34th Int. Conf. on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, 1–9. New York: Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering Division.
Xu, P., X. Li, C. Zheng, J. Zhu, and Y. Li. 2011. “Study on creep critical buckling pressure of plastic pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under external pressure.” J. PLA Univ. Sci. Technol. Nat. Sci. Ed. 12 (1): 59–64.
Yan, L., B. Kasal, and L. Huang. 2016. “A review of recent research on the use of cellulosic fibres, their fibre fabric reinforced cementitious, geo-polymer and polymer composites in civil engineering.” Composites, Part B 92 (May): 94–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.02.002.
Yu, K., E. V. Morozov, M. A. Ashraf, and K. Shankar. 2015a. “Analysis of flexural behaviour of reinforced thermoplastic pipes considering material nonlinearity.” Compos. Struct. 119 (Jan): 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.09.015.
Yu, K., E. V. Morozov, M. A. Ashraf, and K. Shankar. 2015b. “Numerical analysis of the mechanical behaviour of reinforced thermoplastic pipes under combined external pressure and bending.” Compos. Struct. 131 (Nov): 453–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.05.033.
Yu, K., E. V. Morozov, M. A. Ashraf, and K. Shankar. 2017. “A review of the design and analysis of reinforced thermoplastic pipes for offshore applications.” J. Reinf. Plast. Comp. 36 (20): 1514–1530. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684417713666.
Zhang, J., J. Shi, and P. Xu. 2017. “Investigation of interfacial debonding between steel wire and adhesive resin.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 134 (33): 45064. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45064.
Zhao, G., B. Wang, T. Wang, W. Hao, and Y. Luo. 2019. “Detection and monitoring of delamination in composite laminates using ultrasonic guided wave.” Compos. Struct. 225 (Oct): 111161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111161.
Zhao, X., and J. L. Rose. 2016. “Ultrasonic guided wave tomography for ice detection.” Ultrasonics 67 (Apr): 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2015.12.005.
Zheng, J., Y. Gao, X. Li, Y. Li, and Y. Zhu. 2008a. “Numerical simulation on buckling of plastic pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under external pressure.” [In Chinese.] China Plast. 4 (10): 53–65. https://doi.org/10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2008.04.012.
Zheng, J., D. Hou, S. Zhong, J. Shi, and G. Li. 2015a. “Effect of viscoelasticity on the hold pressure of plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires in leak test.” Compos. Struct. 133 (Dec): 756–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.08.013.
Zheng, J., X. Li, and J. Shi. 2012. Plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press.
Zheng, J., Y. Lu, and X. Li. 2006. “Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of plastic pipes reinforced by cross helically steel wires.” In Proc., PVP2006-ICPVT-11 2006 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conf., 1–8. New York: ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Division.
Zheng, J., Y. Lu, L. Xiang, X. Lin, Y. Zhu, P. Xu, D. Chen, X. He, and T. Shao. 2008b. “Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of plastic pipes reinforced by cross helically steel wires.” J. Pressure Vessel Technol. 130 (2): 021401. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2892028.
Zheng, J., J. Shi, J. Shi, S. Zhong, J. Rao, G. Li, and X. Li. 2015b. “Short-term burst pressure of polyethylene pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under various temperatures.” Compos. Struct. 121 (Mar): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.11.014.
Zheng, J., Y. Zhu, X. Li, Y. Gao, and Y. Li. 2008c. “Theory analysis on buckling of plastic pipe reinforced by winding steel wires under external pressure.” [In Chinese.] China Plast. 22 (3): 57–61. https://doi.org/10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2008.03.013.
Zheng, J.-Y., Y.-J. Gao, X. Li, X.-F. Lin, Y.-B. Lu, and Y.-C. Zhu. 2008d. “Investigation on short-term burst pressure of plastic pipes reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires.” J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 9 (5): 640–647. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A071476.
Ziółkowskii, G., E. Chlebus, P. Szymczyk, and J. Kurzac. 2014. “Application of X-ray CT method for discontinuity and porosity detection in 316L stainless steel parts produced with SLM technology.” Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 14 (Dec): 608–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2014.02.003.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice
Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice
Volume 14Issue 4November 2023

History

Published online: Jul 17, 2023
Published in print: Nov 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 17, 2023

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Associate Professor, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0379-645X. Email: [email protected]
Jing Rao, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology of Education Ministry, School of Instrumentation and Opto-Electronic Engineering, Beihang Univ., Beijing 100191, China; Professor, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Univ. of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. Email: [email protected]
Xiang Li, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor of Engineering, Dept. of Pressure Vessel, China Special Equipment Inspection & Research Institute, Beijing 100029, China. Email: [email protected]
Shirley Shen, Ph.D. [email protected]
Principal Scientist, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Manufacturing, 1 Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia. Email: [email protected]
Yijun Shen, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univ., Haikou 570228, China (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share