Enhanced Electroactivation of Peroxydisulfate with Fe-Doped and GAC Particle Electrodes as Heterogenous Catalyst for the Degradation of Carbamazepine
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149, Issue 9
Abstract
The novel Fe-doped activated carbon (GAC) particle electrodes (FMG PEs) were controllably synthesized by a hydrothermal method and used in the three-dimensional (3D) electroactivation of peroxydisulfate (E-PDS-FMG) for carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation. The performance, mechanism, and influencing factors of CBZ degradation by the E-PDS-FMG system were systematically discussed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) analyses showed that the E-PDS-FMG system has an excellent conductivity and a high electron transfer rate and exhibited a superior electrocatalytic performance for CBZ degradation. A CBZ removal rate greater than 99% can be achieved within 25 min under the conditions of FMG dosage of , PDS concentration of 2.0 mM, current density of , and initial pH value of 5. Sulfate radicals () and hydroxyl radicals (OH) were recognized as the major active species through quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurement. In addition, Fe (IV) was also involved in the E-PDS-FMG system according to the transformation of methyl phenyl sulfoxide (PMSO) to methyl phenyl sulfone (). Furthermore, the possible mechanism of the E-PDS-FMG system was proposed. FMG PEs were applied as the catalyst and particle electrodes for PDS activation, improving the yield of OH, , and Fe (IV). The increase of FMG dosage and PDS concentration accelerated the degradation of CBZ, and the E-PDS-FMG system exhibited a high degradation ability on CBZ removal in a wide pH range. The results all indicate that the E-PDS-FMG system is a promising technology for organic pollutant removal from water due to its excellent electrocatalytic performance and remarkable stability.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51878597), and the National Science and Technology Major Project of China - Water Pollution Control and Treatment (No. 2017ZX07201004).
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149 • Issue 9 • September 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 2, 2023
Accepted: May 9, 2023
Published online: Jul 7, 2023
Published in print: Sep 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 7, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Activated carbon
- Carbon
- Chemical compounds
- Chemical degradation
- Chemical elements
- Chemical processes
- Chemical properties
- Chemicals
- Chemistry
- Density currents
- Electrokinetics
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Hydrologic engineering
- Materials engineering
- Particles
- pH
- Pollution
- Salts
- Sulfates
- Waste management
- Water and water resources
- Water pollution
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