Effect of Coconut Fiber as an Inert Media on Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149, Issue 9
Abstract
The efficiency of a hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (HUASB) where coconut fiber is used as an inert media was investigated under different hydraulic residence times (started with 6 h and then decreased to 2 h) with varied organic loading rates (ranged from 0.5 to ). The 3.5-L lab-scale reactor was used for sewage treatment under mesophilic conditions for 8 months. The COD reduction varied from to , the total suspended solids (TSS) reduction was in the range of to , and the methane content in the biogas was . An attempt has been made to understand the performance of the lab-scale reactor for primary population of microorganisms using a microscopic technique. Different groups of anaerobic bacteria and granulation were visualized and quantified using unstained observations, Gram staining, ocular micrometry (granular size determination), Neubauer’s chamber (counting of microorganisms), and scanning electron microscopy. Correlation analysis among the various operational parameters has also been prepared. Overall, the performance of the HUASB reactor using coconut fiber appears to be a cost-efficient sewage treatment alternative in developing nations.
Practical Applications
A HUASB is a high-rate anaerobic treatment process that consists of a suspended and attached growth treatment method. The treatment unit can sustain a high organic loading because it has a high biomass content and good sludge-settling characteristics. The study investigates the effectiveness of a HUASB reactor using coconut fiber as a novel inert media for sewage treatment. Based on the findings, this technology can be applied at a sewage treatment facility. This treatment also has the potential for reduced environmental and economical footprints.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
Author contributions: Bina B. Patel contributed to the conceptualization, writing the original manuscript, and writing (review and editing). Paresh H. Rana contributed to supervision, writing (review and editing). Devayani R. Tipre contributed to writing, review, and editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149 • Issue 9 • September 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 20, 2023
Accepted: Apr 14, 2023
Published online: Jun 22, 2023
Published in print: Sep 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Nov 22, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Anaerobic processes
- Biological processes
- Building materials
- Continuum mechanics
- Dynamic loads
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Engineering mechanics
- Environmental engineering
- Fabrics
- Hybrid methods
- Hydraulic loads
- Laboratory tests
- Materials engineering
- Methodology (by type)
- Microbes
- Municipal wastes
- Organisms
- Pollutants
- Sewage
- Sludge
- Solid mechanics
- Structural dynamics
- Tests (by type)
- Waste management
- Wastes
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