Adhesion Characteristics of Graphene-Modified Asphalt Using Surface-Free Energy Method
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 7
Abstract
Graphene is an auspicious nanomodified material for asphalt pavements. This study aims to evaluate the effect of graphene composites (GCs) on the adhesion characteristics of asphalt based on surface-free energy (SFE) theory. The surface-free energy of graphene-modified asphalt was measured by the sessile drop method. The work of adhesion and stripping between asphalts and two kinds of aggregates were calculated through using their surface-free energy components. The macroadhesion property between asphalts and aggregates was obtained by the improved boiling method. Immersion Marshall test and freeze–thaw splitting test were conducted to verify the effectiveness of surface-free energy indexes. The results demonstrated that GC significantly increased total surface-free energy and dispersion components of asphalt but reduced the polarity components. The adhesion work between asphalt and both aggregates increased after modification, whereas the stripping work decreased after modification. GC can substantially improve the adhesion and resistance to moisture damage at the asphalt–aggregate interface, and the effect on asphalt-limestone is more obvious. There are strong correlations between macro evaluation indicators and surface-free energy calculated indexes, where the macro indicators are more strongly correlated with stripping work. Limestone is generally better at resisting moisture damage than granite. GC remarkably improved the water stability of the mixture, which further indicates that energy indexes are a good method to quantize the moisture damage resistance of hot mix asphalt (HMA). The high dosage of graphene-modified asphalt is potentially applicable to porous asphalt concrete (PAC) pavement with extra-large voids.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52178426) for financial support.
References
Azarhoosh, A., F. M. Nejad, and A. Khodai. 2016. “Evaluation of the effect of nano-TiO2 on the adhesion between aggregate and asphalt binder in hot mix asphalt.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 22 (8): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2016.1229227.
Chen, J.-S., C.-T. Lee, and Y.-Y. Lin. 2017. “Influence of engineering properties of porous asphalt concrete on long-term performance.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (4): 04016246. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001768.
Cheng, D. 2002. Surface free energy of asphalt-aggregate system and performance analysis of asphalt concrete based on surface free energy. College Station, TX: Texas A&M Univ.
Cheng, R. 2016. “Comparison of asphalt and aggregate adhesion testing methods.” Highway 61 (4): 212–215.
Cheng, Z., Z. Xiaoyan, K. Fansheng, and G. Peng. 2020. “Investigation on stripping behavior of asphalt film using surface energy theory and pull-off test.” Mater. Rev. 34 (2): 288–294.
Elphingstone, G. M. 1997. Adhesion and cohesion in asphalt-aggregate systems. College Station, TX: Texas A&M Univ.
Fowkes, F. M. 1964. “Dispersion force contributions to surface and interfacial tensions, contact angles, and heats of immersion.” Adv. Chem. Ser. 1964 (1): 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1021/ba-1964-0043.ch006.
Good, R. J., and C. J. V. Oss. 1992. “The modern theory of contact angles and hydrogen bond components of surface energies.” Mod. Approaches Wettability 1992 (1): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1176-6_1.
Guo, M., Y. Tan, and S. Zhou. 2014. “Multiscale test research on interfacial adhesion property of cold mix asphalt.” Constr. Build. Mater. 68 (Oct): 769–776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.031.
Hamedi, G. H., M. Asadi, and F. M. Nejad. 2019. “Applying asphalt binder modifier in reducing moisture-induced damage of asphalt mixtures.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 2019 (1): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2019.1615554.
Han, M. Z., J. Li, and M. Muhammad. 2018. “Effect of polystyrene grafted graphene nanoplatelets on the physical and chemical properties of asphalt binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 174 (Apr): 108–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.082.
Han, S., S. Dong, and M. Liu. 2019. “Study on improvement of asphalt adhesion by hydrated lime based on surface free energy method.” Constr. Build. Mater. 227 (Dec): 116794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116794.
Hefer, A. W. 2005. Adhesion in bitumen-aggregate systems and quantification of the effect of water on the adhesive bond. College Station, TX: Texas A&M Univ.
Hu, M., L. Lihan, and F. Peng. 2019. “Laboratory investigation of OGFC-5 porous asphalt ultra-thin wearing course.” Constr. Build. Mater. 219 (Sep): 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.205.
Kwok, D. Y., and A. W. Neumann. 1999. “Contact angle measurement and contact angle interpretation.” Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 81 (3): 167–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8686(98)00087-6.
Li, K., X. Zeng, and H. Li. 2013. “Study on the wetting behavior and theoretical models of polydimethylsiloxane/silica coating.” Appl. Surf. Sci. 279 (15): 458–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.04.137.
Lin, X., et al. 2021. “Study on the super hydrophobicity of graphene and its composites.” Appl. Chem. Ind. 50 (9): 2567–2571. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-3206.2021.09.050.
Liu, K., K. Zhang, and X. Shi. 2018. “Performance evaluation and modification mechanism analysis of asphalt binders modified by graphene oxide.” Constr. Build. Mater. 163 (Feb): 880–889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.171.
Luo, R., Z. Songsong, and Z. Derun. 2017. “Evaluation of adhesion property in asphalt-aggregate systems based on surface energy theory.” China J. Highway Transp. 30 (6): 209–214. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2017.06.003.
Meng, Y., R. Guo, R. Xu, and L. Lin. 2020. “Study on the properties of graphene modified rubber asphalt under the effect of thermal aging.” J. Funct. Mater. 51 (8): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2020.08.001.
Nie, B., X. He, and E. Wang. 2014. “Micro-mechanism of coal adsorbing water.” J. China Univ. Min. Technol. 33 (Jul): 379–383. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-1964.2004.04.004.
Owens, D. K., and R. C. Wendt. 1969. “Estimation of the surface free energy of polymers.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 13 (8): 1741–1747. https://doi.org/10.1002/[email protected]/(ISSN)1521-3773.
Rasoul, M., K. S. Javad, and S. N. Mojtaba. 2015. “Preparation and characterization of polyvinylidene fluoride/graphene superhydrophobic fibrous films.” Polymers 7 (8): 52–57. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym7081444.
Sun, Y., and L. Lihan. 2016. “Anti-stripping of asphalt mixture based on surface energy theory.” J. Build. Mater. 19 (2): 285–291. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-9629.2016.02.013.
Tan, Y., and M. Guo. 2013. “Using surface free energy method to study the cohesion and adhesion of asphalt mastic.” Constr. Build. Mater. 47 (Oct): 254–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.067.
Wang, L. 2013. Based on the surface free energy of asphalt and mineral aggregate adhesion effect. Beijing: Chang’an Univ.
Wang, L., D. Junfeng, and L. Zhao. 2020a. “Research on water stability performance of granitic gneiss asphalt mixture based on surface energy theory.” Highway 65 (7): 27–33.
Wang, R., Z. Qi, R. Li, and J. Yue. 2019a. “Investigation of the effect of aging on the thermodynamic parameters and the intrinsic healing capability of graphene oxide modified asphalt binders.” Constr. Build. Mater. 230 (4): 116984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116984.
Wang, R., Y. Xiong, M. Yue, M. Hao, and J. Yue. 2020b. “Investigating the effectiveness of carbon nanomaterials on asphalt binders from hot storage stability, thermodynamics, and mechanism perspectives.” J. Cleaner Prod. 276 (10): 124180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124180.
Wang, R. R., J. C. Yue, R. X. Li, and Y. Sun. 2019b. “Evaluation of aging resistance of asphalt binder modified with graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 31 (11): 04019274. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002934.
Wang, Z., et al. 2017. “Experimental investigation of physical properties and accelerated sunlight-healing performance of flake graphite and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet modified asphalt materials.” Constr. Build. Mater. 134 (Dec): 412–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.129.
Wei, J., Y. Z. Zhang, and Y. S. John. 2009. “Determination of the surface free energy of asphalt binders by sessile drop method.” Acta Pet. Sin. Pet. Process. Sect. 25 (2): 207–215.
Xue, D. J. Guo, C. Xiang, and Y. Fang. 2011. “Study of water stability of asphalt mixture based on residual water.” Appl. Mech. Mater. 71–78 (4): 1791–1794. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.71-78.1791.
Yan, Y., C. Cocconcelli, R. Roque, T. Nash, J. Zou, and D. Hernando. 2015. “Performance evaluation of alternative polymer-modified asphalt binders.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 16 (1): 389–403. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2015.1030830.
Young, T. 1805. “An essay on the cohesion of fluids.” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 95 (6): 65–87. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1805.0005.
Yu, X. K., M. Zadshir, J. R. Yan, and H. M. Yin. 2022. “Morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of asphalt binders modified by graphene and carbon nanotube.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 34 (5): 04022047. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004183.
Zhang, F., Y. Muhammad, Y. Liu, M. Han, Y. Yin, D. Hou, and J. Li. 2018. “Measurement of water resistance of asphalt based on surface free energy analysis using stripping work between asphalt-aggregate system.” Constr. Build. Mater. 176 (Jul): 422–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.055.
Zhang, Y. 2014. Study on adhesion of interface between asphalt and aggregate. Beijing: Chang’an Univ.
Zhao, Y., B. Li, G. Cao, J. Yang, and Z. Li. 2021. “Adhesion characteristics of graphene oxide modified asphalt based on surface free energy.” J. Build. Mater. 24 (6): 1341–1347.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 7 • July 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 28, 2022
Accepted: Nov 14, 2022
Published online: Apr 24, 2023
Published in print: Jul 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Sep 24, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Peng Yin, Baofeng Pan, Zihan Li, Damage Mechanism of Asphalt Binder Modified with Phosphogypsum Whisker Composite under the Action of Sea Salt Solution, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-18102, 36, 8, (2024).