Research Article
Apr 1976
Instability, Ductility, and Size Effect in Strain-Softening Concrete
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division
Volume 102, Issue 2
Abstract
Analysis of structural instability due to strain-softening (i.e., declining branch of the stress-strain diagram) is presented. In a continuum, strain-softening is impossible; it can exist only in a heterogeneous material. Failure occurs by unstable localization of strain or beam curvature, in which the stored strain energy of the structure is transferred into a small strain-softening region whose size is several times the aggregate size, or the spacing of reinforcement, or the depth of the beam. The existence of a lower limit on the size of this region permits ductility, along with its dependence on the size and stored energy, to be predicted by a stability analysis. Calculations of limit loads and moment redistributions in strain-softening beams and frames must include instability checks of possible curvature localization. The same applies to finite element analyses of reinforced concrete structures with account of tensile cracking, and predictions of limit loads of these structures which are questionable because they depend on the size of the finite elements.
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Published In
Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division
Volume 102 • Issue 2 • April 1976
Pages: 331 - 344
Copyright
© 1976 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Apr 1976
Published online: Feb 3, 2021
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Authors
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Zdeněk P. Bažant, M.ASCE
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Northwestern Univ., Evanston, Ill.
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