Technical Papers
Jan 31, 2024

Novel Hermite Polynomial Model Based on Probability-Weighted Moments for Simulating Non-Gaussian Stochastic Processes

Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 150, Issue 4

Abstract

The Hermite polynomial model based on the first-four central moments of non-Gaussian distribution is widely applied to simulate non-Gaussian stochastic processes due to its simplicity and efficiency. Although a variety of expressions have been developed to approximate the coefficients of the Hermite polynomial model, unsatisfactory accuracy and limited applicability could still be encountered. Compared to the central moments, probability-weighted moments possess abundant characteristics of probability distribution. In this paper, a new form of Hermite polynomial model is proposed based on probability-weighted moments for simulating non-Gaussian stochastic processes. The coefficients of the Hermite polynomial model can be conveniently determined via a linear system of equations, leading to a wide application range of the model. More importantly, the sample accuracy for simulating non-Gaussian processes can be significantly improved, and the incompatibility problem can be avoided to some extent by using the proposed model. In addition, a fast strategy for determining the Gaussian auto-correlation function is also suggested, which avoids the complicated manipulations of cubic equations of Gaussian and non-Gaussian auto-correlation functions. A classical example is investigated to demonstrate the better accuracy and applicability over conventional Hermite polynomial models for simulating non-Gaussian stochastic processes. Two engineering cases are also investigated to demonstrate practical applications of the proposed model.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

All of the data, models, and code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52278178, 51978253), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2022JJ20012), the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (No. 2022RC1176), the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering (No. SLDRCE21-04), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 531107040224) are gratefully appreciated for the financial support of this research.

References

Amin, M., and A. H.-S. Ang. 1968. “Nonstationary stochastic models of earthquake motions.” J. Eng. Mech. Div. 94 (2): 559–584. https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEA3.0000969.
Cai, C.-H., Z.-H. Lu, Y. Leng, Y.-G. Zhao, and C.-Q. Li. 2021. “Time-dependent structural reliability assessment for nonstationary non-gaussian performance functions.” J. Eng. Mech. 147 (2): 04020145. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001883.
Chen, D., D. Xu, G. Ren, Q. Jiang, G. Liu, L. Wan, and N. Li. 2019. “Simulation of cross-correlated non-Gaussian random fields for layered rock mass mechanical parameters.” Comput. Geotech. 112 (Aug): 104–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.04.012.
Chen, X. 2014. “Extreme value distribution and peak factor of crosswind response of flexible structures with nonlinear aeroelastic effect.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (12): 04014091. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001017.
Choi, S.-K., R. V. Grandhi, and R. A. Canfield. 2004. “Structural reliability under non-Gaussian stochastic behavior.” Comput. Struct. 82 (13–14): 1113–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.03.015.
Clough, R. W., and J. Penzien. 1975. Dynamics of structures. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Deodatis, G. 1996. “Simulation of ergodic multivariate stochastic processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 122 (8): 778–787. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:8(778).
Deodatis, G., and R. C. Micaletti. 2001. “Simulation of highly skewed non-Gaussian stochastic processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 127 (12): 1284–1295. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2001)127:12(1284).
Fomin, V. N. 2012. Vol. 67 of Discrete linear control systems. New York: Springer.
Garcia-Romeu-Martinez, M.-A., and V. Rouillard. 2011. “On the statistical distribution of road vehicle vibrations.” Packag. Technol. Sci. 24 (8): 451–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.950.
Geroulas, V., Z. P. Mourelatos, V. Tsianika, and I. Baseski. 2018. “Reliability analysis of nonlinear vibratory systems under non-Gaussian loads.” J. Mech. Des. N Y 140 (2): 021404. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4038212.
Greenwood, J. A., J. M. Landwehr, N. C. Matalas, and J. R. Wallis. 1979. “Probability weighted moments: Definition and relation to parameters of several distributions expressable in inverse form.” Water Resour. Res. 15 (5): 1049–1054. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR015i005p01049.
Grigoriu, M. 1993. “On the spectral representation method in simulation.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 8 (2): 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-8920(93)90002-D.
Grigoriu, M. 1998. “Simulation of stationary non-gaussian translation processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 124 (2): 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1998)124:2(121).
Grigoriu, M. 2004. “Spectral representation for a class of non-Gaussian processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 130 (Feb): 541–546. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:5(541).
Gurley, K. R. 1997. Modelling and simulation of non-Gaussian processes. Notre Dame, IN: Univ. of Notre Dame.
Gurley, K. R., A. Kareem, and M. A. Tognarelli. 1996. “Simulation of a class of non-normal random processes.” Int. J. Non Linear Mech. 31 (5): 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7462(96)00025-X.
Gurley, K. R., M. A. Tognarelli, and A. Kareem. 1997. “Analysis and simulation tools for wind engineering.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 12 (1): 9–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-8920(96)00010-0.
Huang, G., Y. Luo, Q. Yang, and Y. Tian. 2017. “A semi-analytical formula for estimating peak wind load effects based on Hermite polynomial model.” Eng. Struct. 152 (Aug): 856–864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.062.
Huang, S., K. Phoon, and S. Quek. 2000. “Digital simulation of non-Gaussian stationary processes using Karhunen-Loeve expansion.” In Proc., 8th ASCE Specialty Conf. on Probabilistic Mechanics and Structural Reliability, 1–5. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Jäckel, P. 2005. A note on multivariate Gauss-Hermite quadrature. London: ABN-AMRO.
Ji, X., G. Huang, X. Zhang, and G. A. Kopp. 2018. “Vulnerability analysis of steel roofing cladding: Influence of wind directionality.” Eng. Struct. 156 (Jan): 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.068.
Jie, D., and X. Chen. 2016. “Moment-based translation model for hardening non-Gaussian response processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 142 (2): 06015006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000986.
Johnson, N. L. 1949. “Systems of frequency curves generated by methods of translation.” Biometrika 36 (1–2): 149–176. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/36.1-2.149.
Kaimal, J. C., J. C. Wyngaard, Y. Izumi, and O. R. Coté. 1972. “Spectral characteristics of surface-layer turbulence.” Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 98 (417): 563–589. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49709841707.
Ke, S., and Y. Ge. 2015. “Extreme wind pressures and non-gaussian characteristics for super-large hyperbolic cooling towers considering aeroelastic effect.” J. Eng. Mech. 141 (7): 04015010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000922.
Kullback, S., and R. A. Leibler. 1951. “On information and sufficiency.” Ann. Math. Stat. 22 (1): 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177729694.
Kwon, D. K., and A. Kareem. 2011. “Peak factors for non-Gaussian load effects revisited.” J. Struct. Eng. 137 (12): 1611–1619. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000412.
Lancaster, H. O. 1957. “Some properties of the bivariate normal distribution considered in the form of a contingency table.” Biometrika 44 (1–2): 289–292. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/44.1-2.289.
Landwehr, J. M., N. Matalas, and J. Wallis. 1979. “Probability weighted moments compared with some traditional techniques in estimating Gumbel parameters and quantiles.” Water Resour. Res. 15 (5): 1055–1064. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR015i005p01055.
Liu, M., X. Chen, and Q. Yang. 2017a. “Estimation of peak factor of non-Gaussian wind pressures by improved moment-based Hermite model.” J. Eng. Mech. 143 (7): 06017006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001233.
Liu, M., L. Peng, G. Huang, Q. Yang, and Y. Jiang. 2020. “Simulation of stationary non-gaussian multivariate wind pressures using moment-based piecewise Hermite polynomial model.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 196 (Sep): 104041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2019.104041.
Liu, Z., Z. Liu, and Y. Peng. 2017b. “Dimension reduction of Karhunen-Loeve expansion for simulation of stochastic processes.” J. Sound Vib. 408 (Apr): 168–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2017.07.016.
Lu, Z.-H., Z. Zhao, X.-Y. Zhang, C.-Q. Li, X.-W. Ji, and Y.-G. Zhao. 2020. “Simulating stationary non-Gaussian processes based on unified Hermite polynomial model.” J. Eng. Mech. 146 (7): 04020067. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001806.
Ma, X., F. Xu, A. Kareem, and T. Chen. 2016. “Estimation of surface pressure extremes: Hybrid data and simulation-based approach.” J. Eng. Mech. 142 (10): 04016068. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001127.
Ochi, M. K. 1986. “Non-Gaussian random processes in ocean engineering.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 1 (1): 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-8920(86)90007-X.
Peng, L., M. Liu, Q. Yang, G. Huang, and B. Chen. 2020. “An analytical formula for Gaussian to non-Gaussian correlation relationship by moment-based piecewise Hermite polynomial model with application in wind engineering.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 198 (Feb): 104094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104094.
Phoon, K.-K., H. Huang, and S. T. Quek. 2005. “Simulation of strongly non-Gaussian processes using Karhunen–Loeve expansion.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 20 (2): 188–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2005.05.007.
Rouillard, V. 2007. “On the non-Gaussian nature of random vehicle vibrations.” In Proc., World Congress on Engineering, 1219–1224. Hong Kong: Newswood Limited.
Schueller, G. I. 2012. Structural dynamics: Recent advances. New York: Springer.
Seya, H., M. E. Talbott, and H. H. Hwang. 1993. “Probabilistic seismic analysis of a steel frame structure.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 8 (2): 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-8920(93)90006-H.
Shelekhov, A. P. 2000. “Doppler lidar measurement of the wind for a non-Gaussian signal in the turbulent atmosphere.” In Vol. 4338 of Wave propagation in the atmosphere and adaptive optics, 155–161. Bellingham, WA: International Society for Optics and Photonics. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.407695.
Shields, M., and G. Deodatis. 2013. “A simple and efficient methodology to approximate a general non-Gaussian stationary stochastic vector process by a translation process with applications in wind velocity simulation.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 31 (Apr): 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2012.10.003.
Shields, M., G. Deodatis, and P. Bocchini. 2011. “A simple and efficient methodology to approximate a general non-Gaussian stationary stochastic process by a translation process.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 26 (4): 511–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2011.04.003.
Shinozuka, M., and G. Deodatis. 1991. “Simulation of stochastic processes by spectral representation.” Appl. Mech. Rev. 44 (4): 191. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3119501.
Winterstein, S. R. 1988. “Nonlinear vibration models for extremes and fatigue.” J. Eng. Mech. 114 (10): 1772–1790. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1988)114:10(1772).
Winterstein, S. R., and T. Kashef. 2000. “Moment-based load and response models with wind engineering applications.” J. Sol. Energy Eng. 122 (3): 122–128. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1288028.
Wolfsteiner, P., and W. Breuer. 2013. “Fatigue assessment of vibrating rail vehicle bogie components under non-Gaussian random excitations using power spectral densities.” J. Sound Vib. 332 (22): 5867–5882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2013.06.012.
Wu, F., G. Huang, and M. Liu. 2020. “Simulation and peak value estimation of non-Gaussian wind pressures based on Johnson transformation model.” J. Eng. Mech. 146 (1): 04019116. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001697.
Xu, J., and D.-C. Feng. 2019. “Stochastic dynamic response analysis and reliability assessment of non-linear structures under fully non-stationary ground motions.” Struct. Saf. 79 (Apr): 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2019.03.002.
Xu, J., Y. Li, J.-F. Mao, Z.-W. Yu, and S. Tan. 2022. “Dynamic response and reliability analyses of non-linear structures driven by non-stationary non-Gaussian stochastic ground motions.” Eng. Struct. 268 (Oct): 114689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114689.
Yang, L., K. R. Gurley, and D. O. Prevatt. 2013. “Probabilistic modeling of wind pressure on low-rise buildings.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 114 (Apr): 18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.12.014.
Yang, Q., and Y. Tian. 2015. “A model of probability density function of non-Gaussian wind pressure with multiple samples.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 140 (Feb): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.11.005.
Yang, X., Y. Yang, M. Li, and P. Wang. 2021. “Effects of free-stream turbulence on non-Gaussian characteristics of fluctuating wind pressures on a 5: 1 rectangular cylinder.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 217 (May): 104759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104759.
Zhang, J., W. Feng, F. Sheng, T. Wang, J. Zhang, M. Zhao, and B. He. 2020. “Research on the wind-induced dynamic response analysis method of the high-voltage transmission tower-line system under strong wind.” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1673 (1): 012026. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1673/1/012026.
Zhang, X.-Y., Y.-G. Zhao, and Z.-H. Lu. 2019. “Unified hermite polynomial model and its application in estimating non-Gaussian processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 145 (3): 04019001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001577.
Zhao, Q., Y. Yuan, W. Sun, X. Fan, P. Fan, and Z. Ma. 2020. “Reliability analysis of wind turbine blades based on non-Gaussian wind load impact competition failure model.” Measurement 164 (Sep): 107950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107950.
Zou, B., and Q. Xiao. 2013. “Solving probabilistic optimal power flow problem using quasi Monte Carlo method and ninth-order polynomial normal transformation.” IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 29 (1): 300–306. https://10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2278986.
Zwillinger, D. 2018. CRC standard mathematical tables and formulas. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 150Issue 4April 2024

History

Received: Dec 2, 2022
Accepted: Nov 16, 2023
Published online: Jan 31, 2024
Published in print: Apr 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Jun 30, 2024

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ph.D. Student, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan Univ., Changsha 410082, PR China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, College of Civil Engineering, Key Lab on Damage Diagnosis for Engineering Structures of Hunan Province, Hunan Univ., Changsha 410082, PR China (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-4280. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share