VR-RET: A Virtual Reality–Based Approach for Real-Time Ergonomics Training on Industrialized Construction Tasks
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 149, Issue 10
Abstract
Real-time assessment of the ergonomic risks to which workers are exposed at a workstation and the provision of real-time corrective feedback intervention to workers play an essential role in improving safety in the workplace through the reduction of long-term exposure of workers to the ergonomically hazardous postures associated with physical fatigue and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This study proposes a framework, virtual reality–based real-time ergonomics training (VR-RET), that integrates virtual reality (VR) and an inertia motion capture system to rapidly assess postures, providing the following inputs in real time: (1) full-body postural ergonomic risk assessment that deploys existing rule-based methods such as rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and rapid entire body assessment (REBA); (2) auditory feedback, triggered when the exposure to ergonomic risks is higher than a predefined threshold; and (3) visual feedback intervention to correct ergonomically hazardous postures through the provision of recommendations during training on industrialized construction tasks. The proposed framework is verified through a pretest/posttest procedure in conjunction with a randomized control group experiment involving 37 subjects. Based on the comparison of the pretest and posttest data, a reduction of 35% in the percentage of time spent being subjected to ergonomic risks in the high-risk range is observed when training is administered using VR-RET and RULA is deployed as the risk assessment method; in contrast, a significant reduction is not observed when rapid entire body assessment is used. This study’s contributions are twofold: (1) a framework for providing ergonomic and operational training through VR simulation based on real-time acquisition and processing of body motion data (with the objective of mitigating worker behaviors that increase exposure to the ergonomically hazardous postures that can lead to a work-related musculoskeletal disorder); and (2) updated evaluation of the effectiveness of real-time RULA and REBA assessments integrated with real-time auditory and visual postural feedback intervention for ergonomic risk reduction.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data (anonymized data collected during research experiments), models (VR models), or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors appreciate the technical writing assistance of Jonathan Tomalty. The authors also express their gratitude to Tianyu (Jayden) Jiang for assisting in designing the 3D scenes used in the VR application, to Melissa McNeil for her insights on how to incorporate ergonomics recommendations in the VR scene, and to the volunteers who participated in the research experiment. This work was supported by the University of Alberta and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant program (Grant No. RGPIN-2019-04585).
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Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 149 • Issue 10 • October 2023
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© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Dec 9, 2022
Accepted: May 22, 2023
Published online: Jul 28, 2023
Published in print: Oct 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 28, 2023
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