Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Shear Behavior and Strength of Haunched Beams Reinforced with Basalt Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Rebars
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 12
Abstract
Tapered beams are characterized by varying moments of inertia along their span, commonly the pier cap configuration used in bridge construction. This study presents the shear behavior of tapered beams reinforced with basalt fiber–reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars through experiments and analyses. Eight BFRP beams were tested to explore the influence of changing inclination angles and the presence of BFRP stirrups. These beams were divided into two groups, each consisting of four beams: one control straight beam and three tapered beams with different tapered angles. The first group was without shear reinforcement, while the second group was reinforced with BFRP stirrups. Results revealed that increasing tapered angles decreased the shear strength of BFRP tapered beams without stirrups but increased it in beams with BFRP stirrups. The analytical part proposed equations to estimate the shear strength of BFRP tapered beams, with findings indicating conservative estimations consistent with experimental data trends.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and codes generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Notations
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- Af
- area of longitudinal BFRP reinforcement (mm2);
- Afv
- area of BFRP stirrups (mm2);
- Av
- area of steel stirrups (mm2);
- a
- shear span (mm);
- ac
- depth of the compression block (mm);
- b
- width of the beam (mm);
- dcr
- critical effective depth (mm);
- dmaximum
- maximum effective depth (mm);
- dminimum
- minimum effective depth (mm);
- Ec
- modulus of elasticity of concrete (GPa);
- Ef
- modulus of elasticity of longitudinal BFRP reinforcement (GPa);
- Efv
- modulus of elasticity of BFRP stirrups (GPa);
- Es
- modulus of elasticity of longitudinal steel reinforcement (GPa);
- cylindrical concrete compressive strength (MPa);
- fct
- concrete indirect tensile strength (MPa);
- fcu
- cube concrete compressive strength (MPa);
- ff
- design strength of longitudinal BFRP bars (MPa);
- ffu
- ultimate longitudinal BFRP strength (MPa);
- ffv
- design strength of BFRP stirrups (MPa);
- fr
- modulus of the rapture of concrete (MPa);
- fuv
- ultimate strength of BFRP stirrups (MPa);
- HL
- horizontal length of the haunched part (mm);
- HL/a
- ratio of the haunched length to the shear span;
- hmaximum
- maximum height of the beams (mm);
- hminimum
- minimum height of the beams (mm);
- Mcr
- critical nominal moment capacity;
- rb/db
- ratio of radius to the diameter of stirrups;
- STD
- standard deviation;
- s
- center-to-center space of stirrups (mm);
- Vcf
- concrete shear strength of BFRP beams (kN);
- Vcf(H)
- concrete shear strength of BFRP beams-haunched part (kN);
- Vcf(P)
- concrete shear strength of BFRP beams-prismatic part (kN);
- Vexp
- experimental shear strength of BFRP beams (kN);
- Vf
- ultimate predicted capacity of BFRP beams (kN);
- Vfv
- ultimate predicted capacity of BFRP stirrups (kN);
- Vfv-exp
- experimental capacity of pure BFRP stirrups (kN);
- Zcr
- lever arm between the center of tension side and the center of compression concrete blocks (mm);
- α
- tapered or inclination angle (°);
- δs
- residual error;
- μ
- average ratio of predicted shear strength to actual shear strength;
- ρf
- BFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratio; and
- ρfv
- BFRP web reinforcement ratio.
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© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 15, 2023
Accepted: Aug 14, 2024
Published online: Oct 11, 2024
Published in print: Dec 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Mar 11, 2025
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