Discrete-Element Analysis for Compaction-Induced Stiffness Variation of Ballast Aggregate in Large-Scale Triaxial Testing
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 24, Issue 10
Abstract
Large-scale triaxial tests are popular for evaluating the mechanical properties of railroad ballast. The literature shows that different compaction methods have been used to prepare the samples. This research investigates the potential variation caused by different compaction methods, even when the samples are compacted to the same density. A series of triaxial tests are conducted, and the results confirm that the way in which ballast is compacted significantly affects its stiffness, but not its peak strength, as long as the density is consistent. Discrete-element method simulations are performed to explore this phenomenon and discover that stiffness variations are caused by different ways in which particles interlock and arrange themselves during compaction. Based on the findings from this study, it is recommended to consider the influence of compaction methods when conducting large-scale triaxial testing on railroad ballast or when evaluating the test results.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, while others may be provided only with restrictions (i.e., DEM software and code).
Acknowledgments
This research is partially funded by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not represent the opinions of the funding agency.
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 24 • Issue 10 • October 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 5, 2023
Accepted: Mar 26, 2024
Published online: Jul 18, 2024
Published in print: Oct 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Dec 18, 2024
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