Cyclic and Postcyclic Pullout Resistance of Soil Nail
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23, Issue 11
Abstract
An experimental simulation of cyclic and postcyclic pullout resistance for cement-grouted soil nails in the sand is presented for the first time. Occasionally, soil nails in excavations and slopes are affected by cyclic loading due to road or railroad traffic. Hence, this research aimed to study the effect of cyclic loading on the cyclic and postcyclic pullout resistance of soil nails. A nail pullout set has been built that is able to apply static and cyclic loadings in force or displacement control conditions. The effects of different parameters on interface resistance are examined, including static and cyclic loadings levels, grouting pressure, overburden pressure, number of cycles, and frequencies. It is concluded that soil nails’ postcyclic pullout resistance is generally more than the static pullout resistance. The results show that by increasing the cyclic loading level threefold, the postcyclic pullout resistance is decreased nonlinearly by about 35%; while with the double increasing in overburden pressure or grouting pressure, the postcyclic resistance is increased linearly nearly 15% and 35%, respectively. The results also show that for the selected range of the number of cycles and frequencies, the postcyclic pullout resistance is almost constant; in other words, observations show that when the number of cycles or frequencies increases, the postcyclic pullout resistance decreases very slowly.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The research was carried out at the Department of Civil Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University. Gohar Zamin Iron Ore Company is gratefully appreciated as the valuable main support for the construction of the nail pullout resistance determination device.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- Fca
- cyclic pullout force amplitude (kN);
- Fcm
- maximum cyclic pullout force (kN) – Fcm = Fs + Fca/2;
- Fpc-p
- peak postcyclic pullout force (kN) – proposed formula;
- Fs
- static pullout force (kN);
- GP
- grouting pressure (kPa);
- OP
- overburden pressure (kPa); and
- Rsm
- maximum static pullout resistance (kN).
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23 • Issue 11 • November 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 9, 2022
Accepted: May 21, 2023
Published online: Aug 31, 2023
Published in print: Nov 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jan 31, 2024
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