On the Eccentrically Loaded Strip Footing Resting Over a Circular Cavity in the Rock Mass: Adaptive Finite-Element Analysis, Observations, and Recommendations
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23, Issue 2
Abstract
In this study, the effect of an eccentric load on the ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) of a strip footing of width B resting above a circular cavity in the rock mass is investigated using upper -and lower-bound finite-element limit analysis incorporating an adaptive meshing technique. The effect of governing independent variables, such as the diameter of the circular cavity, dc, load eccentricity, e, distance of the cavity from the footing (horizontal, P, and vertical, Q), and rock mass parameters based on the generalized Hoek–Brown (GHB) failure criterion on the reduction of the UBC, is studied using a reduction coefficient, Rc. This study reveals that the influence of the cavity on the UBC is minimal for a cavity beyond a depth of Q/B ≥ 2.5 when e/B ≥ 0.3; and that Q/B ≥ 3 when 0.1 ≤ e/B ≤ 0.2, irrespective of P/B. Similarly, a cavity situated at −2 ≤ P/B ≥ 2 and Q/B ≥ 2 when e/B = 0.3–0.4, and −3.5 ≤ P/B ≥ 3.5 and Q/B ≥ 2.5 when 0.1 ≤ e/B ≤ 0.2, does not show any significant impact on the reduction of the UBC. Dominant potential failure patterns that could cover at least all the representative cases are presented and discussed to strengthen the insight into the possible mechanism of such a footing failure.
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Acknowledgments
The author contributions are as follows. PK: numerical simulations, validation, investigation, analysis and data curation, writing of the original draft, and editing; VBC: conceptualization, methodology, procedural approach, analysis, data curation, review, editing, and supervision.
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 5, 2022
Accepted: Sep 28, 2022
Published online: Nov 22, 2022
Published in print: Feb 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Apr 22, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Analysis (by type)
- Cavitation
- Eccentric loads
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering mechanics
- Failure analysis
- Finite element method
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Footings
- Foundation design
- Foundations
- Geomechanics
- Geotechnical engineering
- Hydrologic engineering
- Load bearing capacity
- Methodology (by type)
- Numerical methods
- Rock masses
- Rock mechanics
- Shallow foundations
- Static loads
- Statics (mechanics)
- Ultimate loads
- Water and water resources
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