A Simple Method for Predicting the Response of Single Energy Pile Considering Temperature Variation of Pile–Soil Interface
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23, Issue 2
Abstract
To capture the influence of temperature variation of pile–soil interface on the response of a single energy pile, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were adopted in this paper. The temperature variation mechanism of a single energy pile was clarified using numerical simulation, and the temperature variation model of the pile–soil interface was established. Considering the influence of temperature variation on the conventional load transfer model of the pile–soil interface, the improved hyperbolic functions were proposed, and the parameters related to the improved load transfer model were determined. To predict the response of a single energy pile considering the temperature variation of the pile–soil interface, an iterative algorithm was developed using load transfer methods. Comparisons of the load-settlement response of three well-documented cases between the present computation results and the results derived from other methods were made to verify the reliability of the calculation method. Furthermore, a parameter analysis was carried out to assess the influence of soil properties and the parameters related to the load transfer models on the thermomechanical response of a single energy pile.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Young Experts of Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province (No. tsqn202103163), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52078278 and 52278358), and the program of Qilu Young Scholars of Shandong University. Great appreciation goes to the editorial board and the reviewers of this paper.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- a
- parameters of the temperature variation model;
- aT
- parameters of the hyperbolic model of pile–soil interface;
- b
- parameters of the temperature variation model;
- bT
- parameters of the hyperbolic model of pile–soil interface;
- c
- cohesion of soil beneath the pile base;
- Es
- elastic modulus of surrounding soil;
- fb
- parameters of the hyperbolic model of pile the base;
- gb
- parameters of the hyperbolic model of the pile base;
- Gb
- shear modulus of soil beneath the pile base;
- H0
- height from pile end to the model bottom;
- H1
- height from the bottom of heat exchange tube to the model bottom;
- kb
- initial compressive stiffness of the pile base;
- ksT
- initial shear stiffness of the pile–soil interface;
- K0
- coefficient of static earth pressure;
- L0
- initial pile length;
- Ln
- length of pile segment n;
- LT
- pile length subjected to temperature effect;
- n
- pile segment;
- Nc
- dimensionless coefficients related to the soil cohesion and earth pressure on the pile shaft;
- Nq
- dimensionless coefficients related to the soil cohesion and earth pressure on the pile shaft;
- Pbn
- pile base load of pile segment n;
- Ptn
- pile top load of pile segment n;
- qb
- pile end resistance;
- qbu
- ultimate base resistance of pile;
- r0
- initial pile radius;
- rT
- pile radius subjected to temperature effect;
- Rbf
- failure ratio of base resistance ranged;
- Rsf
- failure ratio of unit skin friction;
- sb
- pile end displacement;
- sbn
- pile end displacement of pile segment n;
- scn
- initial displacement at the midpoint in length direction of pile segment n;
- modified displacement at the midpoint of pile segment n;
- stn
- displacement at the top of pile segment n;
- ST(z)
- pile–soil relative displacement of energy piles at a given depth z;
- T(z)
- temperature of the pile–soil interface at a depth z;
- T0
- initial temperature of the pile–soil interface;
- T1
- temperature of exchange liquid;
- V0
- initial pile volume;
- VT
- pile volume subjected to temperature effect;
- z
- depth;
- α
- coefficient of linear thermal expansion;
- β
- coefficient of volumetric thermal expansion;
- γ
- unit weight of soil;
- ΔauT
- apparent limit relative displacement;
- ΔuT
- pile-soil ultimate relative displacement;
- Δr
- radial deformation of the pile subjected to temperature effect;
- ΔT
- temperature variation of the pile–soil interface;
- Δz
- axial deformation of energy pile;
- ζ
- coefficient of interface friction;
- ζc
- coefficients related to the internal friction angle of soil;
- ζq
- coefficients related to the internal friction angle of soil;
- σh
- horizontal stress;
- σrT
- radial temperature stress of the pile–soil interface;
- τfT
- shear strength of the pile–soil interface;
- τT(z)
- unit skin friction of energy piles;
- τT(zi)
- shaft resistance of energy piles at a depth zi;
- (zn)
- modified shaft resistance of pile segment n;
- τuT
- ultimate shear stress of the pile–soil interface;
- υb
- Poisson’s ratio of soil beneath the pile base;
- υs
- Poisson’s ratio of surrounding soil;
- φ
- internal friction angle of soil;
- χ
- parameter of the connection between ΔauT and ΔuT; and
- ψ
- angle between compaction core boundary of soil beneath the pile base and horizontal plane.
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Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23 • Issue 2 • February 2023
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 26, 2022
Accepted: Sep 7, 2022
Published online: Dec 13, 2022
Published in print: Feb 1, 2023
Discussion open until: May 13, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Continuum mechanics
- Deformation (mechanics)
- Design (by type)
- Energy methods
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering mechanics
- Foundations
- Geotechnical engineering
- Load factors
- Load transfer
- Mathematics
- Measurement (by type)
- Models (by type)
- Numerical models
- Parameters (statistics)
- Pile foundations
- Piles
- Solid mechanics
- Statistics
- Stress (by type)
- Structural analysis
- Structural design
- Structural engineering
- Structural mechanics
- Temperature effects
- Temperature measurement
- Thermal loads
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Cited by
- Tuan A. Pham, Melis Sutman, A Simplified Method for Bearing-Capacity Analysis of Energy Piles Integrating Temperature-Dependent Model of Soil–Water Characteristic Curve, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11095, 149, 9, (2023).