Research Article
Aug 1974
Reducing Negative Friction with Bitumen Slip Layers
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VIEW THE REPLYAuthors: Alphonsus I.M. Claessen and Endre HorvatAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division
Volume 100, Issue 8
Abstract
Negative friction exerted by settling soil layers on foundation elements such as bearing piles can be considerably reduced by providing the elements with a 0.4-in.- (10-mm)-thick layer slip made of a special grade of bitumen. Theoretical studies at the Koninklijke/Shell-Laboratorium, Amsterdam, have defined the properties the bitumen should have in order to stand up to the conditions of application, storage, driving, and reduction of negative friction. Full-scale trials, including test loadings, have demonstrated these slip layers to be very effective. Depending on the type of foundation and the structure of the soil it is possible to reduce the number of foundation piles by 15-50% or even more, at an additional cost of 10-20% of the cost of the piles driven. About 10,000 piles with bitumen slip layers were used for the foundations of plants of Shell Nederland Chemie in the Netherlands.
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Published In
Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division
Volume 100 • Issue 8 • August 1974
Pages: 925 - 944
Copyright
© 1974 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Aug 1974
Published online: Feb 10, 2021
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Alphonsus I.M. Claessen
Civ. Engr., Koninkijke/Shell-Lab. (Shell Res. B. V.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Endre Horvat
Civ. Engr., Ingenieursbureau Dwars, Heederik en Verhey N.V., Amersfoort, The Netherlands
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