Role of Armor Roughness in Overtopping Response of Upgraded Multilayer Rubble Mound Breakwaters
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 5
Abstract
Wave overtopping needs to be estimated in the design of rubble mound breakwaters, because a high overtopping rate could reduce the capacity and functionality of the structure. The existing formulas, among others, provide estimation of the mean overtopping rate, depending on the hydraulic and structural characteristics. This paper investigates the role of the armor roughness coefficient in the prediction of overtopping. Different rubble mound configurations have been tested by means of two-dimensional physical models. The novelty of the present research lies in providing values of the roughness coefficient for unconventional rubble mound breakwaters. Considering the existing trend and future projections of the sea level and wave climate, there is a need to find upgraded solutions for existing breakwaters, where these structures become more exposed to overtopping risk. Among the possible upgraded solutions, here we consider the case of adding an extra armor layer.
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Acknowledgments
The Master students Micaela Chichi and Barbara De Rosa are warmly acknowledged for their support in the laboratory experiments. The authors are also most grateful to the whole coastal engineering team of Roma Tre University, for the fruitful discussions and for their kind contribution to the on-going investigation of the wave data.
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Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 5 • September 2022
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Received: Nov 4, 2021
Accepted: May 12, 2022
Published online: Jul 15, 2022
Published in print: Sep 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Dec 15, 2022
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