Wave Runup Loading Behind a Semipermeable Obstacle
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper describes an investigation of the interaction of breaking solitary wave runup with a two-dimensional semipermeable (vegetated) obstacle and the resulting wave loading on a downstream cylinder. The OpenFOAM model, together with an IHFOAM module for mangrove–fluid interaction, are used for 276 numerical experiments, performed for a wide range of damping coefficients. In general, wave heights inside and just downstream of the obstacle were found to increase, compared with the bare earth case, with reflection from and inside the obstacle as the major factor. By contrast, wave loads decreased strongly when sheltered by the obstacle, with increasing damping coefficients leading to lower loads, but with considerable scatter. This paper provides several different methods to estimate wave runup loads behind semipermeable obstacles, with results presented in forms that may prove useful for design.
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Acknowledgments
Work for this paper was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and by the National Science Foundation (grant number CMMI-1727662). Their support is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the computing time granted through NHERI DesignSafe.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- CD
- drag force coefficient;
- D
- diameter of a stem;
- d
- offshore water depth;
- df
- water depth immediately after the semipermeable obstacle at the time of maximum momentum flux;
- Fmax
- maximum horizontal force on a square cylinder with obstacle in place;
- F0
- maximum horizontal force on a square cylinder with no obstacle;
- Ha
- ηmax immediately after the obstacle;
- Hb
- ηmax immediately before the obstacle;
- Ha0
- ηmax immediately after the obstacle location for the bare earth case (αL = 0, with no cylinder present);
- Hb0
- ηmax immediately before the obstacle for the bare earth case (αL = 0, with no cylinder present);
- H0
- offshore wave height;
- L
- obstacle length;
- MF
- momentum flux (not including pressure component);
- MFa
- MFmax immediately after the obstacle;
- MFa0
- MFmax immediately after the semipermeable obstacle for the bare earth case (αL = 0, with no cylinder present);
- MFb0
- MFmax immediately before the obstacle for the bare earth case (αL = 0, with no cylinder present);
- MFc0
- MFmax at the cylinder location for the bare earth case (αL = 0, with no cylinder present);
- MFmax
- maximum momentum flux;
- MFNC
- MFmax at the cylinder location for the obstructed flow (not including pressure component, with no cylinder present);
- MFNCP
- MFmax at the cylinder location for the obstructed flow (including pressure component, with no cylinder present);
- N
- number of stems per unit horizontal area in the semipermeable obstacle;
- P
- hydrostatic pressure;
- W
- cylinder width;
- η
- water surface elevation;
- ηmax
- maximum water surface elevation; and
- η(max)up0
- maximum surface elevation at 0.86d shoreward from the edge of the crest for the bare earth case.
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Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 4 • July 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 17, 2019
Accepted: Nov 1, 2019
Published online: Apr 13, 2020
Published in print: Jul 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Sep 14, 2020
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