Temporal Development of Propeller Scour around a Sloping Bank
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 5
Abstract
This study presents results of the temporal development of propeller scour around a sloping bank. During the scouring process, the centerline scour profile along the propeller axis comprises a toe scour hole, a primary scour hole, or a combination of both. Their formation is dependent on the length of the toe clearances, which is defined as the longitudinal distance between the propeller face and toe of the slope. As a result, the overall maximum scour depth along the centerline profile may occur either in the primary or toe scour hole. The results show that the temporal development of the overall maximum scour depth for all the cases consistently exhibits an exponential form. An empirical method was obtained to estimate the maximum scour depth evolution throughout the scouring process.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Nanyang Technological University for this research.
References
Blaauw, H. G., and E. J. van de Kaa. 1978. Erosion of bottom and sloping banks caused by the screw race of manoeuvring ships. Publ. No. 202. Delft, Netherlands: Delft Hydraulics Laboratories.
Breusers, H. N. C., G. Nicollet, and H. W. Shen. 1977. “Local scour around cylindrical piers.” J. Hydraul. Res. 15 (3): 211–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221687709499645.
Cheng, N. S., Y. M. Chiew, and X. Chen. 2016. “Scaling analysis of pier-scouring processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 142 (8): 06016005. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001107.
Cihan, K., A. Y. Ozan, and Y. Yüksel. 2012. “The effect of slope angle on propeller jet erosion near quays.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Marit. Eng. 165 (2): 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1680/maen.2011.11.
Fuehrer, M., and K. Romisch, 1977. “Effects of modern ship traffic on inland and ocean waterways and their structures.” In Section I, Subject 3 of Proc., 24th International Navigation Congress, Permanent International Association of Navigational Congresses (PIANC), 79–93. Leningrad, USSR: PIANC.
Fuehrer, M., K. Romisch, and G. Engelke, 1981. “Criteria for dimensioning the bottom and slope protections and for applying the new methods of protecting navigation canals.” In Section I, Subject 1 of Proc. 25th International Navigation Congress, PIANC-Congress, Permanent International Association of Navigational Congresses (PIANC), 29–50. Edinburgh, Scotland: PIANC.
Gaudio, R., and A. Marion. 2003. “Time evolution of scouring downstream of bed sills.” J. Hydraul. Res. 41 (3): 271–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680309499972.
Hamill, G. A., H. T. Johnston, and D. P. Stewart. 1999. “Propeller wash scour near quay walls.” J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng. 125 (4): 170–175. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1999)125:4(170).
Hamill, G., C. Kee, and D. Ryan. 2015. “Three-dimension efflux velocity characteristics of marine propeller jets.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Marit. Eng. 168 (2): 62–75. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmaen.14.00019.
Hamill, G. A. 1987. “Characteristics of the screw wash of a manoeuvring ship and the resulting bed scour.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ. of Belfast. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292595.
Hashmi, H. N. 1993. “Erosion of a granular bed at a quay wall by a ship’s screw wash.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ. Belfast. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264009.
Hoffmans, G. J. C. M. 2012. The influence of turbulence on soil erosion. Vol. 10. Delft, Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers.
Hoffmans, G. J. C. M., and H. J. Verheij. 1997. Scour manual. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Hoffmans, G., and H. Verheij. 2011. “Jet scour.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Marit. Eng. 164 (4): 185–193.https://doi.org/10.1680/maen.2011.164.4.185.
Hong, J.-H., Y.-M. Chiew, and N.-S. Cheng. 2013. “Scour caused by a propeller jet.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 139 (9): 1003–1012.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000746.
Hong, J.-H., Y.-M. Chiew, S.-C. Hsieh, N.-S. Cheng, and P.-H. Yeh. 2016. “Propeller jet-induced suspended-sediment concentration.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 142 (4): 04015064. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001103.
Liou, Y. C., and J. B. Herbich, 1976. Sediment movement induced by ships in restricted waterways. COE Rep. No. 188. College Station, TX: Texas A&M Univ.
Melville, B. W., and Y. M. Chiew. 1999. “Time scale for local scour at bridge piers.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 125 (1): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:1(59).
PIANC (Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses). 2015. Guidelines for protecting berthing structures from scour caused by ships. Rep. No. 180. Brussels, Belgium: PIANC.
Qurrain, R. M. M. 1994. “Influence of the sea bed and berth geometry on the hydrodynamics of the wash from a ship’s propeller.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ. Belfast. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282297.
Sleigh, A. J. 1981. “A laboratory study into the problem of slope erosion by propeller wash.” M.Sc. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Strathclyde.
Stewart, D. P. J. 1992. “Characteristics of a ship’s screw wash and the influence of quay wall proximity.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ. Belfast. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296798.
Sumer, B. M., and J. Fredsøe. 2002. The mechanics of scour in the marine environment. River Edge, NJ: World Scientific.
Verhey, H. 1983. “The stability of bottom and banks subjected to the velocities in the propeller jet behind ships.” In Proc., 8th International Harbour Congress, 1–11. Delft, Netherlands: Waterloopkunding Laboratorium.
Wei, M. X., and Y.-M. Chiew. 2018. “Characteristics of propeller jet flow within developing scour holes around an open quay.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 144 (7): 04018040. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001470.
Wei, M., and Y.-M. Chiew. 2017. “Influence of toe clearance on propeller scour around an open-type quay.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 143 (7): 04017012. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001303.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 10, 2017
Accepted: Mar 5, 2018
Published online: Jun 14, 2018
Published in print: Sep 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 14, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.