Abstract
This study applies the numerical model GPUSPH, an implementation of the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method on graphics processing units, to simulate nearshore tsunami processes. Two sets of laboratory experiments that involve violent wave breaking are simulated by the three-dimensional numerical model. The first set of experiments addresses tsunamilike solitary wave breaking on and overtopping an impermeable seawall. Comparison with free-surface profiles and laboratory images shows that GPUSPH satisfactorily reproduces the complicated wave processes involving wave plunging, collapsing, splash-up, and overtopping. The other set of experiments investigates tsunamilike solitary wave breaking and inundation over shallow water reefs. The performance of GPUSPH is evaluated by comparing its results with (1) experimental data including free-surface measurements and cross-shore velocity profiles, and (2) published numerical results obtained in two mesh-based wave models: the nonhydrostatic wave model CCHE2D and the Boussinesq-type wave model FUNWAVE. The capability of GPUSPH to simulate nonlinear wave phenomena, such as wave shoaling, reflection, and refraction, is confirmed by comparing the wave field predicted by CCHE2D. Although all three models correctly simulate the solitary wave propagation offshore and the bore due to the broken wave run-up nearshore, GPUSPH outperforms CCHE2D and FUNWAVE in terms of resolving wave plunging and collapsing. The conducted two case studies show that the meshless SPH method is reliable for predicting tsunami breaking in the nearshore zone.
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Acknowledgments
Z. W. and R. A. D. acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research, Littoral Geosciences, and Optics Program. R. A. D., E. R., A. H., and G. B. acknowledge the ATHOS Consortium and its member organizations for their contributions to the GPUSPH code. The authors thank Professor Shih-Chun Hsiao and Ting-Chieh Lin at the National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, for providing the experimental data of solitary waves breaking and overtopping an impermeable seawall. The authors also thank Professor Patrick J. Lynett at the University of Southern California for providing the experimental wavemaker trajectory of a solitary wave breaking over 3D reefs. Furthermore, the authors thank Professor Fengyan Shi at the University of Delaware for providing FUNWAVE results on a solitary wave breaking on a 3D reef with an island feature experiment. The numerical simulations were performed at the Graphics Processing Lab Cluster of Johns Hopkins University, which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation grant MRI-0923018.
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Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 4 • July 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 17, 2015
Accepted: Dec 16, 2015
Published online: Mar 10, 2016
Published in print: Jul 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Aug 10, 2016
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