Erosion Stability of Wide-Graded Quarry-Stone Material under Unidirectional Current
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 3
Abstract
Scour protection around hydraulic structures in fluvial, estuarine, and coastal waters is an essential component of a meaningful and durable design. The continuous optimization of scour protection systems and design approaches leads to faster and more cost-effective construction processes. Although scour protection now often consists of a two-layer design, approaches that incorporate only one layer depict a major step forward. Therefore, this research focuses on the stability of a wide-graded quarry-stone mixture consisting of crushed granodiorite (Jelsa quarry, Norway) with fractions ranging from 0.063 to 200 mm. The material was exposed to an incrementally increased unidirectional current in a closed-circuit flume. The induced flow field and leading parameters were measured at various positions horizontally and vertically, whereas the erosion rates were determined behind the test bed specimen. With increasing flow velocity the development of a static armor layer was observed at the bed surface. Bed-shear stresses were determined to be strongly variable across the rough test bed. Fractional critical shear stresses indicate highly selective mobility of individual fractions. Least-square fitting of the determined critical shear stresses based on the dimensionless reference grain size (with as the product of the geometric mean size and the geometric standard deviation ) is suitable for describing the stability behavior of the investigated material.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Mibau Holding GmbH for supporting this research and Dr. K. Peters for stimulating remarks during the research. Furthermore, the authors thank T. Freitag and M. Bartels for their support in conducting the extensive hydraulic experiments.
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Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 3 • May 2016
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This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Received: Oct 20, 2014
Accepted: Jul 9, 2015
Published online: Dec 30, 2015
Published in print: May 1, 2016
Discussion open until: May 30, 2016
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