Assessing the Observability of Demand Pattern Multipliers in Water Distribution Systems Using Algebraic and Numerical Derivatives
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 144, Issue 5
Abstract
The estimation of user demands in water distribution systems is usually based on flow and pressure measurements in the system. Even when the number of measurements is larger than or equal to the number of unknowns, the system may not be observable; i.e., not all unknown variables can be estimated. Common estimation methods (e.g., the weighted least-square error) do not automatically identify an unobservable system and may provide unreliable results. This paper builds on the algebraic approach recently proposed, where the unknown variables considered were the nodal heads, and modifies the approach in order to estimate the demand multipliers of the demand patterns. A comparison between algebraic and finite difference derivatives is also presented and shows that finite differences cannot be used to assess the observability of the system.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the partial funding support provided by the CBET Directorate, Environmental Engineering (NSF) through Award No. 1511959 (S. M. M. Rana and D. L. Boccelli).
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Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 144 • Issue 5 • May 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 3, 2017
Accepted: Sep 22, 2017
Published online: Feb 20, 2018
Published in print: May 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jul 20, 2018
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