Modeling the Trophic State of Subtropical Reservoir in Southern Brazil
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 144, Issue 3
Abstract
Eutrophication is an environmental imbalance arising from excess nutrients and causing a decrease of water quality. This study assessed the water quality of the Vacacaí Mirim reservoir in the city of Santa Maria, Brazil, according to Brazilian Environmental Standard from 2010–2011, using a numerical model to simulate temperature, dissolved oxygen, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand, ammonium, nitrite-nitrate, ortho-phosphate, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-. Calibration was performed manually and was found to be satisfactory when the accuracy was checked using mean absolute error and root-mean square error. Extreme case scenarios were proposed to monitor the response of the reservoir to droughts, heavy rainfall, population increases, and wastewater treatment. Simulations show that a 30-day period of dry weather causes the reservoir to become hypereutrophic. Increased precipitation simulation could not translate the interactions that occurred in the environment. Increased pollution load scenarios show that high concentrations of total phosphorus and chlorophyll- change the trophic state of the reservoir to hypertrophic. Simulations of reduced wastewater dumping show that a 66% decrease in dumping volumes considerably improve water quality and the reservoir becomes mesotrophic.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ANA (National Water Agency). (2012). “Picture of the quality of surface water from Brazil.” Brasília, Brazil, 264.
Broecker, W. S., Peng, T.-H., and Stuiver, M. (1978). “An estimate of the upwelling rate in the equatorial Atlantic based on the distribution of bomb radiocarbon.” J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 83(C12), 6179–6186.
Burin, R. (2011). “Variability of water quality and the state trophic of reservoir Vacacaí Mirim.” Master’s dissertation, Federal Univ. of Santa Maria, Brazil.
Chapra, S. C. (1997). Surface water-quality modeling, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Cole, T. M., and Wells, S. A. (2013). “CE-QUAL-W2: A two-dimensional, laterally averaged, hydrodynamic and water quality model, version 3.7.” Portland State Univ., Portland, OR.
Cole, T. M., and Wells, S. A. (2016). “CE-QUAL-W2: A two-dimensional, laterally averaged, hydrodynamic and water quality model, version 4.0.” Portland State Univ., Portland, OR.
CONAMA National Environmental Council. (2005). “Resolution No. 357, of March 17, 2005.” Ministry of the Environment, Brasília, Brazil.
Conroy, J. D., Boegman, L., Zhang, H., Edwards, W. J., and Culver, D. A. (2011). “‘Dead zone’ dynamics in Lake Erie: The importance of weather and sampling intensity for calculated hypolimnetic oxygen depletion rates.” Aquatic Sci., 73(2), 289–304.
Deus, R., et al. (2013). “Impact evaluation of a pisciculture in the Tucuruí reservoir (Pará, Brazil) using a two-dimensional water quality model.” J. Hydrol., 487, 1–12.
Dill, P. R. J. (2002). “Sanding of the Vacacaí Mirim reservoir and your relation with the deterioration of the contributor hydrographic basin.” Master’s dissertation, Federal Univ. of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Diogo, P. A., Fonseca, M., Coelho, P. S., Mateus, N. S., Almeida, M. C., and Rodrigues, A. C. (2008). “Reservoir phosphorous sources evaluation and water quality modeling in a transboundary watershed.” Desalination, 226(1–3), 200–214.
Edinger, J. E., and Buchak, E. M. (1975). “A hydrodynamic, two-dimensional reservoir model: The computational basis.” U.S. Army Engineer Division, Cincinnati.
Hyndman, R. J., and Koehler, A. B. (2006). “Another look at measures of forecast accuracy.” Int. J. Forecasting, 22(4), 679–688.
Lamparelli, M. C. (2004). “Grau de trofia em corpos d’água do estado de São Paulo: Avaliação dos métodos de monitoramento.” Ph.D. thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Liu, W. C., and Chen, W. B. (2013). “Modeling hydrothermal, suspended solids transport and residence time in a deep reservoir.” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 10(2), 251–260.
Liu, W. C., Chen, W. B., and Kimura, N. (2008). “Impact of phosphorus load reduction on water quality in a stratified reservoir-eutrophication modeling study.” Environ. Monit. Assess., 159(1–4), 393–406.
Matonse, A. H., et al. (2013). “Investigating the impact of climate change on New York city’s primary water supply.” Clim. Change, 116(3–4), 437–456.
Park, Y., Pachepsky, Y. A., Cho, K. H., Jeon, D. J., and Kim, J. H. (2015). “Stressor-response modeling using the 2D water quality model and regression trees to predict chlorophyll-a in a reservoir system.” J. Hydrol., 529, 805–815.
Rossi, N., DeCristofaro, L., Steinschneider, S., Brown, C., and Palmer, R. (2015). “Potential impacts of changes in climate on turbidity in New York city’s Ashokan reservoir.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 10.
Sharip, Z., Saman, J. M., Noordin, N., Akashah, M., Suratman, S., and Shaaban, A. J. (2016). “Assessing the spatial water quality dynamics in Putrajaya lake: A modelling approach.” Model. Earth Syst. Environ., 2(1), 14.
Soleimani, S., Bozorg-Haddad, O., Saadatpour, M., and Loáiciga, H. A. (2016). “Optimal selective withdrawal rules using a coupled data mining model and genetic algorithm.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 9.
Tundisi, J. G., and Tundisi, T. M. (2008). Limnologia, Oficina de textos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Wang, J., Shen, Y., Zhen, H., Feng, Y., Wang, Z., and Yang, X. (2011). “Three-dimensional numerical modelling of water quality in Dahuofang reservoir in China.” Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron., 54(7), 1328–1341.
Yu, S. J., Lee, J. Y., and Ha, S. R. (2010). “Effect of a seasonal diffuse pollution migration on natural organic matter behavior in a stratified dam reservoir.” J. Environ. Sci., 22(6), 908–914.
Zhang, Z., Sun, B., and Johnson, B. E. (2015). “Integration of a benthic sediment diagenesis module into the two dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model: CE-QUAL-W2.” Ecol. Model., 297, 213–231.
Zouabi-Aloui, B., Adelana, S. M., and Gueddari, M. (2015). “Effects of selective withdrawal on hydrodynamics and water quality of a thermally stratified reservoir in the southern side of the Mediterranean sea: A simulation approach.” Environ. Monit. Assess., 187(5), 19.
Zouabi-Aloui, B., and Gueddari, M. (2014). “Two-dimensional modelling of hydrodynamics and water quality of a stratified dam reservoir in the southern side of the Mediterranean sea.” Environ. Earth Sci., 72(8), 3037–3051.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 12, 2016
Accepted: Sep 8, 2017
Published online: Jan 4, 2018
Published in print: Mar 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jun 4, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.