Hybrid Nested Particle Swarm Optimization for a Waste Load Allocation Problem in River System
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 142, Issue 7
Abstract
The aim of this article is to develop a hybrid nested particle swarm optimization to solve a Pigovian tax-based waste load allocation problem for river systems. The river system at the Tuojiang River basin is the prototype which is then extended to a generalized waste load allocation problem. The responsible environmental protection agency (EPA), as the leader, sets the pollution tax standards at a given checkpoint to resolve the conflict between the dischargers, and each discharger, as the follower, makes biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal decisions to minimize their own pollution costs under the specified pollution and pollution tax standards. A cooperative bilevel multifollower decision-making model is established that takes into account the objectives and constraints. The particular nature of this model requires the development of a nested particle swarm optimization algorithm. Instead of using a traditional particle performance measurement method, an exact algorithm for solving the lower-level model, called a multi-agent-based dynamic extremal value algorithm (ma-DEV), is proposed and nested to deal with the bilevel model’s specific decision rule. Results for the Deyang section of the Tuojiang River are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed optimization method, which proved to be very effective and efficient compared to other heuristic algorithms.
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Acknowledgments
This research is supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 70831005), the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71501137), the Research Foundation of Ministry of Education for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20130181110063), the General Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2015M572480), and also supported by the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Council (Grant No. 20150028). The authors would like to give their greatest appreciation to the editors and anonymous referees for their helpful and constructive comments and suggestions, which have helped to improve this paper.
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Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 142 • Issue 7 • July 2016
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 24, 2015
Accepted: Dec 11, 2015
Published online: Mar 17, 2016
Published in print: Jul 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Aug 17, 2016
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