Optimization of Large-Scale Hydrothermal System Operation
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 138, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a mathematical model to optimize the management and operation of the Brazilian hydrothermal system. The system consists of a large set of individual hydropower plants and a set of aggregated thermal plants. The energy generated in the system is interconnected by a transmission network so it can be transmitted to centers of consumption throughout the country. The optimization model offered is capable of handling different types of constraints, such as interbasin water transfers, water supply for various purposes, and environmental requirements. Its overall objective is to produce energy to meet the country’s demand at a minimum cost. Called HIDROTERM, the model integrates a database with basic hydrological and technical information to run the optimization model, and provides an interface to manage the input and output data. The optimization model uses the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) package and can invoke different linear as well as nonlinear programming solvers. The optimization model was applied to the Brazilian hydrothermal system, one of the largest in the world. The system is divided into four subsystems with 127 active hydropower plants. Preliminary results under different scenarios of inflow, demand, and installed capacity demonstrate the efficiency and utility of the model. From this and other case studies in Brazil, the results indicate that the methodology developed is suitable to different applications, such as planning operation, capacity expansion, and operational rule studies, and trade-off analysis among multiple water users.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The research reported herein was supported by FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo), Brazil, under Award No. UNSPECIFIED2008/58508-1. Additional support was provided by the FCTH (Fundação Centro Tecnológico de hidráulica), Brazil. The authors would like to acknowledge the constructive and in-depth reviews of two anonymous reviewers.
References
Barros, M. T. L., Tsai, F., Lopes, J. E. G., and Yeh, W. (2003). “Optimization of large-scale hydropower system operations.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 129(3), 178–188.
Barros, M. T. L., Zambon, R. C., and Lopes, J. E. G. (2005). “Sistema de suporte a decisão para o planejamento da operação hidráulica de sistemas hidroenergéticos.” Simpósio de Recursos Hídricos Del Cono Sur, Departamento General de Irrigación, Mendoza, Argentina.
Barros, M. T. L., Zambon, R. C., Lopes, J. E. G., Barbosa, P. S. F., Francato, A. L., and Yeh, W. W.-G. (2008a). “Model to optimize large hydrothermal system operation considering water and environment sustainability.” World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–10.
Barros, M. T. L., Zambon, R. C., Barbosa, P. S. F., and Yeh, W. W.-G. (2008b). “Planning and operation of large-scale water distribution systems with preemptive priorities.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 134(3), 247–256.
Barros, M. T. L., Zambon, R. C., Lopes, J. E. G., Barbosa, P. S. F., Francato, A. L., and Yeh, W. W.-G. (2009). “Impacts of the upstream storage reservoirs on Itaipu hydropower plant operation.” World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–9.
Becker, L., and Yeh, W. W-G. (1974). “Optimization of real time operation of a multiple reservoir system.” Water Resour. Res., 10(6), 1107–1112.
Carrano, E. G., Cardoso, R. T. N., Takahashi, R. H. C., Fonseca, C. M., and Neto, O. M. (2008). “Power distribution network expansion scheduling using dynamic programming genetic algorithm.” IET Gener., Transm. Dis., 2(3), 444–455.
Castelletti, A., de Rigo, D., Rizzoli, A. E., Soncini-Sessa, R., and Weber, E. (2007). “Neuro-dynamic programming for designing water reservoir network management policies.” Control Eng. Pract., 15(8), 1031–1038.
Cau, T. D. H., and Kaye, R. J. (2002). “Evolutionary optimisation method for multistorage hydrothermal scheduling.” IEE Proc. Gener. Transm. Distrib., 149(2), 152–156.
Dias, B. H., Marcato, A. L. M., Souza, R. C., Soares, M. P., Silva Junior, I. C. S., de Oliveira, E. J., Brandi, R. B. S., and Ramos, T. P. (2010). “Stochastic dynamic programming applied to hydrothermal power systems operation planning based on the convex hull algorithm.” Math. Probl. Eng., 2010, 390940.
Embarcadero Technologies. (2010). 〈http://www.embarcadero.com〉.
GAMS—General Algebraic Modeling System. (2010). 〈http://www.gams.com〉.
Labadie, J. W. (2004). “Optimal operation of multireservoir systems: State-of-art review.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 130(2), 93–111.
Leite, P. T., Carneiro, A. A. F. M., and Carvalho, A. C. P. L. F. (2002). “Energetic operation planning using genetic algorithms.” IEEE T. Power Syst., 17(1), 173–179.
Lopes, J. E. G., and Barros, M. T. L. (2007). “Modelo de planejamento da operação de sistemas hidrotérmicos de produção de energia elétrica [Model Operation Planning of Hydrothermal Systems Production of Electricity].” Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hídricos, 14(2), 19–32 (in Portuguese).
Martinez, L., and Soares, S. (2004). “Primal and dual stochastic dynamic programming in long term hydrothermal scheduling.” Proc. IEEE Power Syst. Conf., Vol. 3, 1283–1288.
Momoh, J. A., Adapa, R., and El-Hawary, M. E. (1999a). “A review of selected optimal power flow literature to 1993. I. Nonlinear and quadratic programming approaches.” IEEE T. Power Syst., 14(1), 96–104.
Momoh, J. A., El-Hawary, M. E., and Adapa, R. (1999b). “A review of selected optimal power flow literature to 1993. II. Newton, linear programming and interior point methods.” IEEE T. Power Syst., 14(1), 105–111.
ONS—Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico. (2010). “ONS—Histórico da operação—Geração de energia.” 〈http://www.ons.org.br〉 (Feb. 8, 2010).
Pereira, M. V. F. (1989). “Optimal stochastic operations scheduling of large hydroelectric systems.” Int. J. Elec. Power, 11(3), 161–169.
Pereira, M. V. F., and Pinto, L. M. V. G. (1985). “Stochastic optimization of a multireservoir hydroelectric system: A—a decomposition approach.” Water Resour. Res., 21(6), 779–792.
Sherkat, V. R., Campo, R., Moslehi, K., and Lo, E. O. (1985). “Stochastic long-term hydrothermal optimization for a multireservoir system.” IEEE T. Power Ap. Syst., PAS-104(8), 2040–2050.
Simonovic, S. P. (1992). “Reservoir systems analysis: Closing gap between theory and practice.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 118(3), 262–280.
Terry, L. A., Pereira, M. V. F., Araripe Neto, T. A., Silva, L. F. C. A., and Sales, P. R. H. (1986). “Coordinating the energy generation of the Brazilian national hydrothermal electrical generating system.” Interfaces, 16(1), 16–38.
Trott, W. J., Yeh, W. W-G. (1973). “Optimization of multiple reservoir system.” J. Hydraul. Div., 99(10), 1865–1884.
Wood, A. J., and Wollenberg, B. F. (1996). Power Generation, Operation and Control, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Wurbs, R. A. (1993). “Reservoir-system simulation and optimization models.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 119(4), 455–472.
Yeh, W. W-G. (1985). “Reservoir management and operation models: A state-of-the-art review.” Water Resour. Res., 21(12), 1797–1818.
Yeh, W. W-G., Becker, L., Hua, S-Q., Wen, D-P., and Liu, J-M. (1992). “Optimization of real-time hydrothermal system operation.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 118(6), 636–653.
Zhao, D., Yi, J., and Liu, D. (2007). “Particle swarm optimized adaptive dynamic programming.” IEEE Int. Symp. on Approximate Dynamic Programming and Reinforcement Learning, IEEE, New York, 32–37.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 138 • Issue 2 • March 2012
Pages: 135 - 143
Copyright
© 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 23, 2010
Accepted: Feb 18, 2011
Published online: Feb 21, 2011
Published in print: Mar 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.