Basic Concepts of Optimization and Design of Geodetic Networks
Publication: Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 138, Issue 4
Abstract
This contribution reviews a few basic concepts of optimization and design of a geodetic network. Proper assessment and analysis of networks is an important task in many geodetic-surveying projects. Appropriate quality-control measures should be defined, and an optimal design should be sought. The quality of a geodetic network is characterized by precision, reliability, and cost. The aim is to present a few case studies that have been designed to meet optimal precision and reliability criteria. Though the case studies may be of interest to the geodetic community in their own right, the aim is to gain insight into the general optimization problem of a geodetic network. This is also potentially of interest for educational purposes. The case studies include a zeroth-order design to improve the precision of the network points in a traverse network and a first-order design to meet the high reliability and maximum precision criteria in a geodetic network. It is shown that not only the configuration of the network but also the type of the observations used can affect the design criteria. For example, the case studies presented show that the optimal shape of the trilateration network (intersection with distances) can result in a weak network in the sense of reliability and precision if the observations are replaced by angles rather than distances (triangulation network). In close relation to the optimization problem of a geodetic network, the global positioning system satellite configuration is also optimized for a particular case that provides the minimum value of the geometric dilution of precision.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
We would like to acknowledge the valuable comments of the editor-in-chief and two anonymous reviewers, which improved the presentation of this paper.
References
Amiri-Simkooei, A. R. (2004). “A new method for second order design of geodetic networks: Aiming at high reliability.” Surv. Rev., 37(293), 552–560.
Amiri-Simkooei, A. R., and Sharifi, M. A. (2004). “Approach for equivalent accuracy design of different types of observations.” J. Surv. Eng., 130(1), 1–5.
Baarda, W. (1968). A testing procedure for use in geodetic networks, Netherland Geodetic Commission, Delft, Netherlands.
Baarda, W. (1973). S-transformation and criterion matrices, Netherland Geodetic Commission, Delft, Netherlands.
Baselga, S. (2007). “Global optimization solution of robust estimation.” J. Surv. Eng., 133(3), 123–128.
Baselga, S. (2011). “Second order design of geodetic networks by the simulated annealing method.” J. Surv. Eng., 137(4), 167–173.
Berber, M., Dare, P., and Vaníček, P. (2006). “Robustness analysis of two-dimensional networks.” J. Surv. Eng., 132(4), 168–175.
Berné, J. L., and Baselga, S. (2004). “First-order design of geodetic networks using the simulated annealing method.” J. Geod., 78(1-2), 47–54.
Cross, P. A. (1985). “Numerical methods in network design.” Optimization and design of geodetic networks, E. W. Grafarend and F. Sanso, eds., Springer, Berlin, 429–435.
Grafarend, E. W. (1974). “Optimization of geodetic networks.” Boll. Geod. Sci. Aff., 33(4), 351–406.
Grafarend, E. W., and Sanso, F., eds. (1985). Optimization and design of geodetic networks, Springer, Berlin.
Hsu, R., Lee, H. C., and Kao, S. P. (2008). “Three-dimensional networks are horizontally superior in robustness: A mathematical reasoning.” J. Surv. Eng., 134(2), 61–65.
Hsu, R., and Li, S. (2004). “Decomposition of deformation primitives of horizontal geodetic networks: Application to Taiwan’s GPS network.” J. Geod., 78(4-5), 251–262.
Kuang, S. L. (1991). “Optimization and design of deformations mentoring schemes.” Ph.D. dissertation, Tech. Rep. 157, Dept. of Surveying Engineering, Univ. of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
Kuang, S. L. (1996). Geodetic network analysis and optimal design: Concepts and application, Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, MI.
Seemkooei, A. A. (2001a). “Comparison of reliability and geometrical strength criteria in geodetic networks.” J. Geod., 75(4), 227–233.
Seemkooei, A. A. (2001b). “Strategy for designing geodetic network with high reliability and geometrical strength criteria.” J. Surv. Eng., 127(3), 104–117.
Vaníček, P., Craymer, M. R., and Krakiwsky, E. J. (2001). “Robustness analysis of geodetic horizontal networks.” J. Geod., 75(4), 199–209.
Vaníček, P., Krakiwsky, E. J., Craymer, M. R., Gao, Y., and Ong, P. S. (1990). “Robustness analysis.” Tech. Rep. 156, Dept of Surveying Engineering, Univ. of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 22, 2011
Accepted: Jan 30, 2012
Published online: Feb 1, 2012
Published in print: Nov 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.