Case Studies
May 28, 2020

Effects of High-Frequency Ground-Motion Spectra in the Seismic Response of Squat RC Walls

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 8

Abstract

Due to the high-frequency content of ground motions in central and eastern United States (CEUS) sites, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission has modified their regulatory guides to consider these effects in the evaluation of nuclear power plants. Ground-motion response spectrum at CEUS has high frequency content as opposed to a typical design spectral shape. The purpose of this case study is to evaluate the seismic response of squat RC walls subjected to seismic ground motions with response spectra having acceleration amplifications in the high-frequency zone. Incremental dynamic analyses are performed on three selected RC walls subjected to acceleration time histories compatible with spectra for CEUS sites. Several performance indicators are evaluated at different damage levels such as drifts, spectral accelerations at fundamental periods, and base shears. Fragility functions are developed to have a better idea of the damage caused by the ground motions with different spectra in the walls. Maximum drifts and the highest probability of exceeding the drift limits studied in this paper were obtained with the lowest-frequency-spectrum case.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work was performed under awards NRC-HQ-12-G-38-0018 and NRC-HQ-84-14-G-0057 from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

References

Adorno, C., and A. Vidot. 2015. “Displacement capacity of squat reinforced concrete walls under cyclic loading.” In Proc., SMiRT-23. Raleigh, NC: International Association for Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology.
Alcocer, S. M., and J. Carrillo. 2008. “Shaking table tests of steel fiber reinforced concrete walls for housing.” In Proc., 14 World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing: China Earthquake Administration.
Baker, J. W. 2015. “Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic structural analysis.” Earthquake Spectra 31 (1): 579–599. https://doi.org/10.1193/021113EQS025M.
Beyer, K., and J. J. Bommer. 2007. “Selection and scaling of real accelerograms for bi-directional loading: A review of current practice and code provisions.” Supplement, J. Earthquake Eng. 11 (S1): 13–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460701280013.
Carrillo, W. J., and S. M. Alcocer. 2008. “Shaking table test of low-rise concrete walls for housing.” In Proc., 14 World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing: China Earthquake Administration.
Duffey, T. A., C. R. Farrar, and A. Goldman. 1994. Shear wall ultimate drift limits. Los Alamos, NM: Los Alamos National Laboratory.
EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute). 2013. Ground-motion model (GMM) review project, 2 volumes. Palo Alto, CA: EPRI.
Goulet, C. A., Y. Bozorgnia, N. Kuehn, L. Al Atik, R. R. Youngs, R. W. Graves, and G. M. Atkinson. 2017. NGA-east ground-motion models for the US Geological Survey national seismic hazard maps. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center.
Gulec, C. K., and A. S. Whittaker. 2009. Performance-based assessment and design of squat reinforced concrete shear walls. Buffalo, NY: Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research.
Hardy, G., J. Richards, A. Mauer, and R. Kassawara. 2015. “US nuclear power industry post-Fukushima seismic response initiatives.” In Proc., Transactions, SMiRT-23. Raleigh, NC: International Association for Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology.
Hidalgo, P. A., R. M. Jordán, and R. P. Martínez. 2000. “Development and use of an analytical model to predict the inelastic seismic behavior of shear wall, reinforced concrete buildings.” In Proc., 12th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Upper Hutt, New Zealand: New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering.
Li, Y., and K. Manoly. 2012. “GI 199 and 2011 mineral VA earthquake impact to North Anna nuclear power plant.” In Proc., 15th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Geneva: Sociedade Portuguesa de Engenharia Sismica.
Luna, B., J. Rivera, J. Rocks, C. Goksu, S. Weinreber, and A. Whittaker. 2013. University at Buffalo: Low aspect ratio rectangular reinforced concrete shear wall: Specimen SW1. San Diego: Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation. https://doi.org/10.4231/D3542J820.
Montejo, L., and L. Suarez. 2013. “An improved CWT-based algorithm for the generation of spectrum compatible records.” Int. J. Adv. Struct. Eng. 5 (1): 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/2008-6695-5-26.
Mueller, C. H., O. S. Boyd, M. D. Petersen, M. P. Moschetti, S. Rezaeian, and A. M. Shumway. 2015. “Seismic hazard in the eastern United States.” Supplement, Earthquake Spectra 31 (S1): S85–S107. https://doi.org/10.1193/110414EQS182M.
Paulay, T., and M. J. N. Priestley. 1992. Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings, 744. New York: Wiley.
Pegon, P., G. Magonette, F. J. Molina, G. Verzeletti, T. Dyngeland, P. Negro, and P. Tognoli. 1997. “Benchmark on the beyond design seismic capacity of reinforced concrete shear walls.” Accessed May 6, 2016. http://benchmarkcash.org/cheops/view/SAFE%20Program%20%20Shear%20Wall20T6.
Rezaeian, S., M. D. Petersen, and M. P. Moschetti. 2015. “Ground motion models used in the 2014 US national seismic hazard maps.” Supplement, Earthquake Spectra 31 (S1): S59–S84. https://doi.org/10.1193/111714EQS194M.
Scott, M., and F. Filippou. 2013. “Hysteretic material.” Accessed April 6, 2016. http://opensees.berkeley.edu/wiki/index.php/Hysteretic_Material.
USNRC (US Nuclear Regulatory Commission). 2008. Interim staff guidance on seismic issues of high frequency ground motion. Rockville, MD: USNRC.
USNRC (US Nuclear Regulatory Commission). 2010. Interim staff guidance on ensuring hazard-consistent seismic input for site response and soil structure interaction analyses. Rockville, MD: USNRC.
USNRC (US Nuclear Regulatory Commission). 2012. Central and eastern United States seismic source characterization for nuclear facilities. Rockville, MD: USNRC.
Wallace, J. W. 2007. “Modeling issues for tall reinforced concrete core wall buildings.” J. Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build. 16 (5): 615–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.440.
Whittaker, A., B. Luna, B. Stojadinovic, C. Whyte, and C. Song. 2011. “NEES project warehouse.” Accessed March 8, 2016. https://nees.org/warehouse/drawings/project/676/experiment/3316.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 146Issue 8August 2020

History

Received: Sep 11, 2018
Accepted: Feb 11, 2020
Published online: May 28, 2020
Published in print: Aug 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Oct 28, 2020

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Anthony Perez-Rivera, M.ASCE
Civil Engineer, US Army Construction Engineering Laboratory, Research Instituter, 2902 Newmark Dr., Champaign, IL 61822.
Aidcer L. Vidot-Vega, Ph.D. [email protected]
P.E.
Professor, Dept. of Engineering Science and Materials, Univ. of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, Mayaguez, PR 00680 (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share