Short-Term Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Glulam Beams Reinforced with Curved Tendons
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 6
Abstract
The short-term flexural behavior of prestressed glulam beams reinforced with curved tendons was investigated via four-point bending of 12 glulam beams. These beams were equally divided into four groups of three identical specimens: one group of unreinforced beams, one group of prestressed beams reinforced with straight tendons, and two groups of prestressed beams reinforced with parabolic tendons. For the last two groups, the initial prestress force was applied in two levels. The results revealed that, in contrast to the failure mode of the unreinforced beams, the failure mode of the prestressed beams changed from brittle failure to ductile failure. The flexural capacity and the flexural stiffness of the prestressed glulam beams reinforced with straight tendons increased by 56.9% and 14.9%, respectively, compared with that of the unreinforced beams; for prestressed beams reinforced with parabolic tendons, the capacity and the stiffness increased by 54.4%–75.5% and 14.2%–15.5%, respectively. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model for predicting the flexural stiffness and capacity of prestressed glulam beams was proposed. This model was validated with the test data.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51778143) and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Program (No. 2015-110), and the project was funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).
References
ACI. 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary. ACI 318M. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ASTM. 2006. Standard specification for steel strand, uncoated sevenwire for prestressed concrete. ASTM A416. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Bazan, I. M. M. 1980. “Ultimate bending strength of timber beams.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Technical Univ. of Nova Scotia.
Bohannan, B. 1962. “Prestressing wood members.” For. Prod. J. 12 (12): 596–602.
Borri, A., M. Corradi, and A. Grazini. 2005. “A method for flexural reinforcement of old wood beams with CFRP materials.” Compos. Part B 36 (2): 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2004.04.013.
Brunner, M. 2000. “On the plastic design of timber beams with a complex cross-section.” In Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engineering (WCTE). Whistler Resort, BC, Canada: Univ. of British Columbia.
Buchanan, A. H. 1990. “Bending strength of lumber.” J. Struct. Eng. 116 (5): 1213–1229. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:5(1213).
Cao, Y. C. 2015. “Testing technology and application of the duct grouting effects in the prestressed concrete beam.” [In Chinese.] M.S.C.E. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2008. Adhesives: One component polyurethane for load bearing timber structures—Classification and performance requirements. EN 15425. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
Dagher, H. J., T. E. Kimball, S. M. Shaler, and B. Abdel-Magid. 1996. Effect of FRP reinforcement on low grade eastern hemlock glulams. Madison, WI: USDA Forestry Products Laboratory.
Davies, M., and M. Fragiacomo. 2011. “Long-term behavior of prestressed LVL members. I: Experimental tests.” J. Struct. Eng. 137 (12): 1553–1561. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000405.
De Luca, V., and C. Marano. 2012. “Prestressed glulam timbers reinforced with steel bars.” Constr. Build. Mater. 30 (May): 206–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.11.016.
Dolan, C. W., T. L. Galloway, and A. Tsunemori. 1997. “Prestressed glued-laminated timber beam—Pilot study.” J. Compos. Constr. 1 (1): 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:1(10).
Galloway, T. L., C. Fogstad, C. W. Dolan, and J. A. Puckett. 1996. “Initial tests of kevlar prestressed timber beams.” In Proc., National Conf. on Wood Transportation Structures: General Technical Report FPL-GTR-94, edited by M. A. Ritter, S. R. Duwadi, and P. Lee, 215–224.
Gentile, C., D. Svecova, and S. H. Rizkalla. 2002. “Timber beams strengthened with GFRP bars: Development and applications.” J. Compos. Constr. 6 (1): 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:1(11).
Ju, D. D. 2015. “Flexural behavior of glulam beams reinforced with prestressed CFRP Bars.” [In Chinese.] M.S.C.E. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Tech Univ.
Lin, C., H. F. Yang, W. Q. Liu, W. D. Lu, Z. B. Lin, and J. D. Hao. 2014. “Experimental study on the flexural behavior of prestressed glulam beams.” [In Chinese.] Struct. Eng. 30 (1): 160–164.
Mark, R. 1961. “Wood-aluminum beams within and beyond the elastic range. Part I: Rectangular sections.” For. Prod. J. 11 (10): 477–484.
Mark, R. 1963. “Wood-aluminum beams within and beyond the elastic range. Part II: Trapezoidal sections.” For. Prod. J. 13 (11): 508–516.
Martin, Z. A., and D. A. Tingley. 2000. “Fire resistance of FRP reinforced glulam beams.” In Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engineering. Whistler Resort, BC, Canada: Univ. of British Columbia.
McConnell, E., D. McPolin, and S. Taylor. 2014. “Post-tensioning of glulam timber with steel tendons.” Constr. Build. Mater. 73 (Dec): 426–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.09.079.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China). 2012a. Standard for test methods of timber structures. [In Chinese.] GB/T50329. Beijing: MOHURD.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China). 2012b. Technical code of glued laminated timber structures. [In Chinese.] GB/T50708. Beijing: MOHURD.
O’Brien, K. W. 2010. “An investigation of FRP reinforced glulam bolted connections.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil and Enviornmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Peterson, J. 1965. “Wood beams prestressed with bonded tension elements.” J. Struct. Div. 91 (1): 103–119.
Plevris, N., and T. C. Triantafillou. 1992. “FRP-reinforced wood as structural material.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 4 (3): 300–317. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1992)4:3(300).
PTI (Post-Tensioning Institute). 2006. Post-tensioning manual. 6th ed. Farmington Hills, MI: PTI.
Raftery, G. M., and P. D. Rodd. 2015. “FRP reinforcement of low-grade glulam timber bonded with wood adhesive.” Constr. Build. Mater. 91 (Aug): 116–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.026.
Triantafillou, T. C., and N. Deskovic. 1992. “Prestressed FRP sheets as external reinforcement of wood members.” J. Struct. Eng. 118 (5): 1270–1284. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:5(1270).
van Beerschoten, W., G. Granello, A. Palermo, and D. Carradine. 2019. “Determining the flexural capacity of long-span post-tensioned LVL timber beams.” J. Struct. Eng. 145 (7): 04019067. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002354.
Wanninger, F. 2015. “Post-tensioned timber frame structures.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil, Engineering and Geomatic Engineering, EHT Zurich.
Yang, H. F., D. D. Ju, W. Q. Liu, and W. D. Lu. 2016a. “Prestressed glulam beams reinforced with CFRP bars.” Constr. Build. Mater. 109 (Apr): 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.008.
Yang, H. F., W. Q. Liu, W. D. Lu, S. J. Zhu, and Q. F. Geng. 2016b. “Flexural behavior of FRP and steel reinforced glulam beams: Experimental and theoretical evaluation.” Constr. Build. Mater. 106 (5): 550–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.135.
Zhou, Y. Z. 2015. “Application and experimental study on bitumen-based grouting technology for post-tensioned prestressed structures.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong Univ.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 17, 2019
Accepted: Oct 22, 2019
Published online: Mar 23, 2020
Published in print: Jun 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Aug 23, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.