Effective Thickness Design Methods for Lateral-Torsional Buckling of Laminated Glass
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 12
Abstract
Designers favor laminated glass due to its inherent robustness. However, there is disparity between the various design codes currently available for laminated glass and the methods therein for calculating resistance to lateral-torsional buckling. This study examines the effective thickness methods found in some existing codes, which calculate the degree of composite action achieved by a laminated glass section subject to in-plane loading. These design methods are compared using relevant accompanying methods from the standards to calculate buckling loads and glass strength where appropriate to gain an understanding of how these methods are implemented in the industry. Results from the calculations are compared to published experimental data in order to assess the relative accuracy and range of applicability of each method. A parametric study is also undertaken, using results from a numerical model to predict the lateral-torsional buckling capacity of laminated glass sections with various geometries and properties. A significant range in results from the various design methods has been observed. It has also been found that some design methods give consistently nonconservative results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the University of Manchester.
References
ASTM. 2012. Standard practice of determining load resistance of glass in buildings. ASTM E1300-12ae1. Reston, VA: ASTM.
Bedon, C., and C. Amadio. 2014. “Flexural-torsional buckling: Experimental analysis of laminated glass elements.” Eng. Struct. 73 (Aug): 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.05.003.
Bedon, C., and C. Amadio. 2015. “Design buckling curves for glass columns and beams.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Struct. Build. 168 (7): 514–526. https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.13.00113.
Bedon, C., J. Belis, and C. Amadio. 2015. “Structural assessment and lateral-torsional buckling design of glass beams restrained by continuous sealant joints.” Eng. Struct. 102 (Nov): 214–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.021.
Bedon, C., J. Belis, and A. Luible. 2014. “Assessment of existing analytical models for the lateral torsional buckling analysis of PVB and SG laminated glass beams via viscoelastic simulations and experiments.” Eng. Struct. 60 (Feb): 52–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.12.012.
Belis, J., C. Bedon, C. Louter, C. Amadio, and R. Van Impe. 2013. “Experimental and analytical assessment of lateral torsional buckling of laminated glass beams.” Eng. Struct. 51 (Jun): 295–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.02.002.
Belis, J., D. Mocibob, A. Luible, and M. Vandebroek. 2011. “On the size and shape of initial out-of-plane curvatures in structural glass components.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (5): 2700–2712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.021.
Calderone, I., P. S. Davies, S. J. Bennison, H. Xiaokun, and L. Gang. 2009. Effective laminate thickness for the design of laminated glass. 1–5. Tampere, Finland: Tamglass Ltd.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 1999. Design of glass in buildings. Part 1: Basis of calculation. prEN 13474-1. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2005. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures. Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. BS EN 1993-1-1. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2013a. Determination of interlayer mechanical properties. prEN 16613:2013. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2013b. Resistance of glass panes by calculation and testing. prEN 16612. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2016. Basic soda-lime silicate glass products: Definitions and general physical and mechanical properties. BS EN 572-1:2012 + A1:2016. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche). 2013. Istruzioni per la progettazione, l’esecuzione ed il controllo di costruzioni con elementi strutturali di vetro. CNR-DT-210/2013. Rome: CNR.
Dassault Systemes. 2013. Abaqus 6.13, Abaqus/CAE user’s guide. Dassault Systemes. Accessed December 1, 2017. http://dsk.ippt.pan.pl/docs/abaqus/v6.13/books/usi/default.htm.
Delincé, D., J. Belis, G. Zarmati, and B. Parmentier. 2007. “Structural behaviour of laminated glass elements—A step towards standardization.” In Proc., Glass Performance Days Conf., 658–663. Tampere, Finland: Tamglass Ltd.
Feldmann, M., et al. 2014. Guidance for European structural design of glass components. Brussels, Belgium: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2788/5523.
Galuppi, L., and G. Royer-Carfagni. 2013. “The effective thickness of laminated glass: Inconsistency of the formulation in a proposal of EN-standards.” Composites Part B. 55 (Dec): 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.05.025.
Galuppi, L., and G. Royer-Carfagni. 2014. “Enhanced effective thickness of multi-layered laminated glass.” Composites Part B. 64 (Aug): 202–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.04.018.
Haldimann, M., A. Luible, and M. Overend. 2008. Structural use of glass. Zürich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering.
Kuraray. 2014. “Physical properties of Sentryglas and butacite.” Accessed November 25, 2015. http://www.trosifol.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Kuraray_4_1_Physical_Properties_of_Sentryglas.pdf.
Luible, A. 2004. Stabilitat von tragelementen aus glas. Lausanne, Switzerland: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de.
Mandal, P., and C. R. Calladine. 2002. “Lateral-torsional buckling of beams and the southwell plot.” Int. J. Mech. Sci. 44 (12): 2557–2571. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7403(02)00192-3.
O’Regan, C. 2014. Structural use of glass in buildings. 2nd ed. London: Institution of Structural Engineers.
Riddell-Smith, L., L. Cunningham, and P. Mandal. 2017. “Design of glass elements for lateral-torsional buckling: Review of existing approaches.” J. Archit. Eng. 23 (3): 06017003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000255.
Standards Australia. 2006. Glass in buildings selection and installation. AS 1288-2006. Sydney, Australia: Standards Australia.
Van Duser, A., A. Jagota, and S. Bennison. 1999. “Analysis of glass/polyvinyl butyral laminates subjected to uniform pressure.” J. Eng. Mech. 125 (4): 435–442. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1999)125:4(435).
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 6, 2018
Accepted: Mar 22, 2019
Published online: Sep 20, 2019
Published in print: Dec 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Feb 20, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.