Optimal Inspection Plan for Deteriorating Structural Members Using Stochastic Models with Application to Buried Pipelines
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 11
Abstract
The deterioration of structural systems is unavoidable after their long time in service. To ensure the safety of these systems, an effective inspection strategy with a minimal cost is essential. This paper presents an analytical approach for determining the optimal inspection plan using a cost-based criterion in which structural damage and failure are modeled as stochastic processes. This allows the consideration of the correlation of damages at different times in the reliability-based inspection plan. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the proposed methodology, taking the number of inspection actions and the critical damage level at which repair is performed as the optimization variables. The proposed procedure provides a fast solution for the optimization of an inspection plan with superior performance over those based on simulation. In addition, correlation has a big impact on the result of an optimal inspection plan matching that of the cost of failure.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support from the Australian Research Council under DP140101547, LP150100413, and DP170102211, and from the National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grant No. 51820105014 is gratefully acknowledged.
References
Ahammed, M., and R. Melchers. 1997. “Probabilistic analysis of underground pipelines subject to combined stresses and corrosion.” Eng. Struct. 19 (12): 988–994. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00043-6.
Andrieu-Renaud, C., B. Sudret, and M. Lemaire. 2004. “The PHI2 method: A way to compute time-variant reliability.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 84 (1): 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2003.10.005.
Barone, G., and D. M. Frangopol. 2013. “Hazard-based optimum lifetime inspection and repair planning for deteriorating structures.” J. Struct. Eng. 139 (12): 04013017. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000810.
Barone, G., D. M. Frangopol, and M. Soliman. 2014. “Optimization of life-cycle maintenance of deteriorating bridges with respect to expected annual system failure rate and expected cumulative cost.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (2): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000812.
Bazán, F. A. V., and A. T. Beck. 2016. “Optimal design of buried pipelines considering failure by mechanical damage.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 12 (11): 1477–1486. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2016.1144618.
Benjamin, J., and C. Cornell. 1975. Probability, statistics and decision for civil engineers. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bocchini, P., and D. M. Frangopol. 2011. “A probabilistic computational framework for bridge network optimal maintenance scheduling.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 96 (2): 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2010.09.001.
Davis, J. R. 2000. Corrosion: Understanding the basics. Materials Park, OH: ASM International.
Deb, K. 2001. Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms. New York: Wiley.
Ditlevsen, O., and H. O. Madsen. 1996. Structural reliability methods. New York: Wiley.
Elsayed, E. A. 2012. Reliability engineering. New York: Wiley.
Enevoldsen, I., and J. D. Sørensen. 1994. “Reliability-based optimization in structural engineering.” Struct. Saf. 15 (3): 169–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4730(94)90039-6.
Firouzi, A., W. Yang, and C.-Q. Li. 2018. “Efficient solution for calculation of upcrossing rate of nonstationary Gaussian process.” J. Eng. Mech. 144 (4): 04018015. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001420.
Frangopol, D. M., K.-Y. Lin, and A. C. Estes. 1997. “Life-cycle cost design of deteriorating structures.” J. Struct. Eng. 123 (10): 1390–1401. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:10(1390).
Gardoni, P., A. Der Kiureghian, and K. M. Mosalam. 2002. “Probabilistic capacity models and fragility estimates for reinforced concrete columns based on experimental observations.” J. Eng. Mech. 128 (10): 1024–1038. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:10(1024).
Gomes, W. J. S., and A. T. Beck. 2014a. “Optimal inspection and design of onshore pipelines under external corrosion process.” Struct. Saf. 47 (Mar): 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2013.11.001.
Gomes, W. J. S., and A. T. Beck. 2014b. “Optimal inspection planning and repair under random crack propagation.” Eng. Struct. 69 (Jun): 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.03.021.
Gomes, W. J. S., A. T. Beck, and T. Haukaas. 2013. “Optimal inspection planning for onshore pipelines subject to external corrosion.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 118 (Oct): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2013.04.011.
Hong, H. P. 1999. “Inspection and maintenance planning of pipeline under external corrosion considering generation of new defects.” Struct. Saf. 21 (3): 203–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(99)00016-8.
Jardine, A. K., and A. H. Tsang. 2013. Maintenance, replacement, and reliability: Theory and applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Jia, G., A. Tabandeh, and P. Gardoni. 2017. “Life-cycle analysis of engineering systems: Modeling deterioration, instantaneous reliability, and resilience.” In Risk reliability analysis: Theory and applications, 465–494. New York: Springer.
Kim, S., D. M. Frangopol, and B. Zhu. 2011. “Probabilistic optimum inspection/repair planning to extend lifetime of deteriorating structures.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 25 (6): 534–544. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000197.
Kumar, R., and P. Gardoni. 2014. “Renewal theory-based life-cycle analysis of deteriorating engineering systems.” Struct. Saf. 50 (Sep): 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2014.03.012.
Li, C. Q., and M. Mahmoodian. 2013. “Risk based service life prediction of underground cast iron pipes subjected to corrosion.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 119 (Nov): 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2013.05.013.
Li, C. Q., and R. Melchers. 1993. “Outcrossings from convex polyhedrons for nonstationary Gaussian processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 119 (11): 2354–2361. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1993)119:11(2354).
Li, C. Q., and S. T. Yang. 2012 “Stress intensity factors for high aspect ratio semi-elliptical internal surface cracks in cast iron pipes.” Int. J. Press. Vessels Pip. 96–97 (Aug): 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2012.05.005.
Li, C.-Q., A. Firouzi, and W. Yang. 2016. “Closed-form solution to first passage probability for nonstationary lognormal processes.” J. Eng. Mech. 142 (12): 04016103. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001160.
Mahmoodian, M., and C. Q. Li. 2015. “Structural integrity of corrosion-affected cast iron water pipes using a reliability-based stochastic analysis method.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 12 (10): 1356–1363. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2015.1117114.
Melchers, R. E. 1999. Structural reliability analysis and prediction. New York: Wiley.
Newman, J. C., and I. S. Raju. 1981. “An empirical stress-intensity factor equation for the surface crack.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 15 (1): 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(81)90116-8.
Papoulis, A., and S. U. Pillai. 2002. Probability, random variables, and stochastic processes. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rice, S. O. 1944. “Mathematical analysis of random noise.” Bell Syst. Tech. J. 23 (3): 282–332. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1944.tb00874.x.
Sahraoui, Y., R. Khelif, and A. Chateauneuf. 2013. “Maintenance planning under imperfect inspections of corroded pipelines.” Int. J. Press. Vessels Pip. 104 (Apr): 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2013.01.009.
Sharifi, Y., and J. K. Paik. 2014. “Maintenance and repair scheme for corroded stiffened steel box girder bridges based on ultimate strength reliability and risk assessments.” Eng. Struct. Technol. 6 (3): 95–105. https://doi.org/10.3846/2029882X.2014.972991.
Sørensen, J. D., and P. Thoft-Christensen. 1989. “Inspection strategies for concrete bridges.” In Proc., 2nd IFIP WG7.5 Conf., Reliability and Optimization of Structural Systems ‘88, edited by P. Thoft-Christensen, 325–335. Berlin: Springer.
Stewart, M. G., A. C. Estes, and D. M. Frangopol. 2004. “Bridge deck replacement for minimum expected cost under multiple reliability constraints.” J. Struct. Eng. 130 (9): 1414–1419. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:9(1414).
Thoft-Christensen, P., and J. D. Sorensen. 1987. “Optimal strategy for inspection and repair of structural systems.” Civ. Eng. Syst. 4 (2): 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/02630258708970464.
Tolentino, D., and S. E. Ruiz. 2014. “Influence of structural deterioration over time on the optimal time interval for inspection and maintenance of structures.” Eng. Struct. 61 (Mar): 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.01.012.
Valdebenito, M. A., and G. I. Schuëller. 2010. “Design of maintenance schedules for fatigue-prone metallic components using reliability-based optimization.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 199 (33–36): 2305–2318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2010.03.028.
van Noortwijk, J. M., J. A. M. van der Weide, M. J. Kallen, and M. D. Pandey. 2007. “Gamma processes and peaks-over-threshold distributions for time-dependent reliability.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 92 (12): 1651–1658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2006.11.003.
Vitanage, D., G. Allen, and J. Kodikara. 2013. “Collaborative research on condition assessment and pipe failure prediction for critical water mains.” In Proc., LESAM 2013-The IWA Leading-Edge Strategic Asset Management Conf., 15–18. Sydney, Australia: Australian Water Association.
Whitmore, D. W., and J. C. Ball. 2004. “Corrosion management.” Concr. Int. 26 (12): 82–85.
Ye, Z. S., and M. Xie. 2015. “Stochastic modelling and analysis of degradation for highly reliable products.” Appl. Stochastic Models Bus. Ind. 31 (1): 16–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/asmb.2063.
Zhang, S., and W. Zhou. 2014. “Cost-based optimal maintenance decisions for corroding natural gas pipelines based on stochastic degradation models.” Eng. Struct. 74 (Sep): 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.05.018.
Zheng, R., and B. R. Ellingwood. 1998. “Role of non-destructive evaluation in time-dependent reliability analysis.” Struct. Saf. 20 (4): 325–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(98)00021-6.
Zhou, W., and M. A. Nessim. 2011. “Optimal design of onshore natural gas pipelines.” J. Press. Vessel Technol. 133 (3): 031702. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002496.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 29, 2017
Accepted: Mar 1, 2019
Published online: Aug 23, 2019
Published in print: Nov 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Jan 23, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.