Group Behavior of Double-Headed Anchored Blind Bolts within Concrete-Filled Circular Hollow Sections under Cyclic Loading
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 10
Abstract
Seven full-scale curved T-stubs connected to concrete-filled circular hollow sections (CFCHSs) using groups of double-headed anchored blind bolts (DHABBs) have been cyclically tested in this paper considering different configurations of the DHABBs and the addition of a through bolt (TB) and shear blind bolts (SBs). The cyclic testing consisted of axial forces being applied to the T-stub stem and transmitted to the column through the bolted T-stub flange connection. The relative contributions of the embedded heads, TB, SBs, and heads bearing on the tube wall to the total applied force obtained from finite-element analysis (FEA) for each specimen considered in the experiments have been summarized. Furthermore, a parametric study has been performed using FEA software to make an assessment of which parameters are the most influential in achieving a higher secant stiffness at 0.6 provided that the bolts are fully pretensioned, sufficient concrete strength is provided, and the embedded heads have sufficient embedment depths. The results show that the thickness of the T-stub flange is the parameter that is most influential in increasing the secant stiffness of the connection, and it is recommended that a flange thickness of be used. The second most important parameters are the addition of a TB and SBs because these are effective in preventing premature stiffness degradation resulting from concrete cracking.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported and funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC) and collaborating organizations, such as Orrcon Steel and AJAX Engineered Fasteners, through Linkage Grant LP110200511. The authors would like to acknowledge all of the support and contributions provided by these partners. The authors also would like to thank the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarships for the full scholarship provided to Mr. Oktavianus, and the technicians, Mr. Michael Culton and Mr. Sanjeet Chandra, for their assistance during the experimental work.
References
ABAQUS version 6.13 [Computer software]. Dassault Systèmes, Waltham, MA.
Agheshlui, H. (2014). “Anchored blind bolted connections within concrete filled square steel hollow sections.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Agheshlui, H., et al. (2016a). “Tensile behavior of groups of anchored blind bolts within concrete-filled steel square hollow sections.” J. Struct. Eng., 04015125.
Agheshlui, H., et al. (2016b). “Tensile behaviour of anchored blind bolts in concrete filled square hollow sections.” Mater. Struct., 49(4), 1511–1525.
Australian Standard. (1998). “Australian standard: Steel structures.” AS 4100, Sydney, Australia.
Carreira, D. J., and Chu, K. H. (1985). “Stress-strain relationship for plain concrete in compression.” ACI J., 82(6), 797–804.
Fernando, S. (2005). “Joint design using ONESIDETM structural fastener.”, Ajax Engineered Fasteners, Braeside, Australia.
Han, L. H., and Li, W. (2010). “Seismic performance of CFST column to steel beam joint with RC slab: Experiments.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 66(11), 1374–1386.
Kulak, G. L., Fisher, J. W., and Struik, J. H. A. (2001). Guide to design criteria for bolted and riveted joints, AISC, Chicago.
Lok, T. S., and Xiao, J. R. (1999). “Flexural strength assessment of steel fiber reinforced concrete.” J. Mater. Civil Eng., 188–196.
Oktavianus, Y., et al. (2015a). “Finite element analysis of beam-CFST column connections using replaceable buckling restrained fuses (RBRFs) as energy dissipation device.” Proc., 10th Pacific Conf. on Earthquake Engineering: Building an Earthquake-Resilient Pacific, AEES, Sydney, VIC, Australia.
Oktavianus, Y., et al. (2015b). “Pull-out behaviour of blind bolts from concrete-filled tubes.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Struct. Build., 168(10), 747–759.
Oktavianus, Y., et al. (2016a). “Cyclic behaviour of replaceable buckling restrained fuse (RBRF): Experimental work.” Proc., 11th Pacific Structural Steel Conf., Architecture and Building Press, China.
Oktavianus, Y., et al. (2017a). “The behaviour of replaceable buckling restrained fuses (RBRFs) in composite structures under earthquake events.” Australian Earthquake Engineering Society 2016 Conf., Melbourne, Australia.
Oktavianus, Y., Goldsworthy, H. M, and Gad, E. F. (2017b). “Cyclic behaviour of individual double headed anchored blind bolts within CFST.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 133, 522–534.
Oktavianus, Y., Goldsworthy, H. M., and Gad, E. F. (2014). “Behaviour of headed anchor blind bolts embedded in concrete filled circular hollow section column.” Proc., Australian Earthquake Engineering Society Conf., Australian Earthquake Engineering Society, Lorne, VIC, Australia.
Oktavianus, Y., Goldsworthy, H. M., and Gad, E. F. (2015c). “A study towards the development of a low damage moment-resisting connection using blind bolts, CFCHS columns and a replaceable energy dissipating device.” Proc., New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 2015, NZSEE, Wellington, New Zealand.
Pitrakkos, T., and Tizani, W. (2013). “Experimental behaviour of a novel anchored blind-bolt in tension.” Eng. Struct., 49, 905–919.
Rilem, T. (2002). “162-TDF. Test and design methods for steel fibre reinforced concrete.” Mater. Struct., 35(249), 262–278.
SAC Joint Venture. (2000). “Loading histories for seismic performance testing of SMRF components and assemblies.”, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA.
Tizani, W., and Pitrakkos, T. (2015). “Performance of T-stub to CFT joints using blind bolts with headed anchors.” J. Struct. Eng., 04015001.
Yao, H. (2009). “Moment-resisting beam-to-circular column connection with blind bolts and extensions.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Yao, H., et al. (2011). “Experimental study on modified blind bolts anchored in concrete-filled steel tubular columns.” Australian Earthquake Engineering Society Conf., Australian Earthquake Engineering Society, VIC, Australia.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 3, 2017
Accepted: May 8, 2017
Published online: Aug 1, 2017
Published in print: Oct 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jan 1, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.