Abstract
Tsunamis affect coastal regions around the world, resulting in fatalities and catastrophic damage to communities. Fragility functions form the basis of most risk and resilience analyses at the individual structure level, thereby allowing physical infrastructure components to be included at the community level. For tsunami loading, the vast majority of fragilities that have been developed are based on postevent observations in the field, which are usually specific to the site of the event. In this paper, a methodology to generate physics-based tsunami fragility functions is proposed, using vector intensity measures, such as tsunami flow depth and flow velocity and several combinations thereof. The proposed methodology relies on Monte Carlo Simulation for consideration of material uncertainties and includes epistemic uncertainties in the tsunami force calculation. The ability of different tsunami intensity measures (flow depth, flow velocity, and momentum flux), which are common in the literature, to predict the response of structures are investigated, and a new intensity measure (kinematic moment of momentum flux) that represents overturning moment of a structure for tsunami fragility curves is proposed. The methodology is illustrated using an application example consisting of a steel moment frame structure and fragility functions based on the kinematic moment of momentum flux are presented and shown to be a better predictor with less epistemic uncertainty.
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Acknowledgments
Funding for this study was provided as part of the cooperative agreement 70NANB15H044 between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Colorado State University. The content expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions or views of NIST or the U.S. Department of Commerce.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 5 • May 2017
Copyright
©2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 5, 2016
Accepted: Oct 5, 2016
Published online: Nov 30, 2016
Discussion open until: Apr 30, 2017
Published in print: May 1, 2017
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