Abstract
In recent years, the concept of resilience has been introduced to the engineering field in particular related to disaster mitigation and management. However, the built environment is only part of the elements that support community functions. Maintaining community functionality during and after a disaster, defined as resilience, is influenced by multiple components. The paper is proposing a framework for measuring community resilience at different spatial and temporal scales. Seven dimensions are identified for measuring community resilience: population and demographics, environmental and ecosystem, organized governmental services, physical infrastructures, lifestyle and community competence, economic development, and social-cultural capital. They are summarized with the acronym PEOPLES. Each dimension is characterized by a corresponding performance metric that is combined with the other dimensions using a multilayered approach. Therefore, once a hybrid model of the community is defined, the proposed framework can be applied to measure its performance against any type of extreme event during emergency and in long term postdisaster phases. A resilience index can be determined to reflect all, or part, of the dimensions influencing the events. Several applications of part of such framework can already be found in literature for different types of infrastructures, physical and organizational (e.g., gas network, water distribution networks, health care facilities). The proposed framework can be used as decision support by stakeholders and managers and it can help planners in selecting the optimal restoration strategies that enhance the community resilience index.
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Acknowledgments
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the Grant Agreement n° ERC_IDEal reSCUE_637842 of the project IDEAL RESCUE—Integrated DEsign and control of Sustainable CommUnities during Emergencies and from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme—Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (IOF) Actions-FP7/2007-2013 under the Grant Agreement n°PIOF-GA-2012-329871 of the project IRUSAT—Improving Resilience of Urban Societies through Advanced Technologies.
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Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 10 • October 2016
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Sep 13, 2015
Accepted: Jan 12, 2016
Published online: Apr 15, 2016
Discussion open until: Sep 15, 2016
Published in print: Oct 1, 2016
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