Demands on Reduced Beam Section Connections with Out-of-Plane Skew
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 1
Abstract
Some architectural designs for steel buildings require skew at moment frame connections. Reduced beam section (RBS) moment connections with out-of-plane skew have not been tested experimentally, and it is unclear how much skew, if any, should be permitted. In this study, finite-element models were used to investigate the effect of out-of-plane skew on RBS moment connection rotation capacity. The parameters investigated were the column depth, amount of skew, and model configurations (boundary conditions). The models simulated inelastic buckling in the RBS and corresponding strength degradation under cyclic loading. A low-cycle fatigue damage model was used to evaluate the results to determine if out-of-plane skew made the RBS or weld regions more susceptible to fracture. It was found that out-of-plane skew resulted in increased column twisting and minor yielding at the column flange tips, but not lower connection rotation capacity or increased susceptibility to fracture.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was possible due to support from the University of Arkansas and from Brigham Young University. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support while retaining full responsibility for the work and the conclusions presented herein. Feedback from reviewers significantly improved the paper.
References
AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction). (2010a). Code of standard practice for steel buildings and bridges, Chicago.
AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction). (2010b). “Prequalified connections for special and intermediate steel moment frames for seismic applications.”, Chicago.
AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction). (2010c). Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings, Chicago.
Chi, B., and Uang, C.-M. (2002). “Cyclic response and design recommendations of reduced beam section moment connections with deep columns.” J. Struct. Eng., 464–473.
Chi, W., Kanvinde, A., and Deierlein, G. (2006). “Prediction of ductile fracture in steel connections using SMCS criterion.” J. Struct. Eng., 171–181.
Fell, B. V., Myers, A. T., Deierlein, G. G., and Kanvinde, A. M. (2006). “Testing and simulation of ultra-low cycle fatigue and fracture in steel braces.” Proc., 8th U.S. National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, CA.
Gilton, C. S., and Uang, C.-M. (2002). “Cyclic response and design recommendations of weak-axis reduced beam section moment connections.” J. Struct. Eng., 452–463.
HKS (Hibbitt, Karlsson, and Sorensen). (2006). ABAQUS standard users manual, version 6.4, Providence, RI.
Jones, S. L., Fry, G. T., and Engelhardt, M. D. (2002). “Experimental evaluation of cyclically loaded reduced beam section moment connections.” J. Struct. Eng., 441–451.
Kanvinde, A. M., and Deierlein, G. G. (2004). “Micromechanical simulation of earthquake induced fractures in steel structures.”, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA.
Kanvinde, A. M., and Deierlein, G. G. (2008). “Validation of cyclic void growth model for fracture initiation in blunt notch and dogbone steel specimens.” J. Struct. Eng., 1528–1537.
Kaufmann, E. J., Metrovich, B. R., and Pense, A. W. (2001). “Characterization of cyclic inelastic strain behavior on properties of A572 Gr. 50 and A913 Gr. 50 rolled sections.”, National Center for Engineering Research on Advanced Technology for Large Structural Systems, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Lee, C.-H., Jeon, S.-W., Kim, J.-H., and Uang, C.-M. (2005). “Effects of panel zone strength and beam web connection method on seismic performance of reduced beam section steel moment connections.” J. Struct. Eng., 1854–1865.
Pachoumis, D. T., Galoussis, E. G., Kalfas, C. N., and Christitsas, A. D. (2009). “Reduced beam section moment connections subjected to cyclic loading: Experimental analysis and FEM simulation.” Eng. Struct., 31(1), 216–223.
Prinz, G. S., and Nussbaumer, A. (2012). “Fatigue analysis of liquid-storage tank shell-to-base connections under multi-axial loading.” Eng. Struct., 40, 75–82.
Richards, P. W., and Prinz, G. S. (2007). “Non-linear time history analysis of refined mesh steel structures.” Proc., 9th Canadian Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering, ON, Canada.
Richards, P. W., and Uang, C.-M. (2005). “Effect of flange width-thickness ratio on eccentrically braced frames link cyclic rotation capacity.” J. Struct. Eng., 1546–1552.
Tsai, K. C., Wu, S., and Popov, E. P. (1995). “Experimental performance of seismic steel beam-column moment joints.” J. Struct. Eng., 925–931.
Zhang, X., and Ricles, J. M. (2006a). “Experimental evaluation of reduced beam section connections to deep columns.” J. Struct. Eng., 346–357.
Zhang, X., and Ricles, J. M. (2006b). “Seismic behavior of reduced beam section moment connections to deep columns.” J. Struct. Eng., 358–367.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 1 • January 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 2, 2014
Accepted: Jun 2, 2015
Published online: Jul 6, 2015
Discussion open until: Dec 6, 2015
Published in print: Jan 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.