Time-Dependent Behavior of Recycled Aggregate Concrete–Filled Steel Tubular Columns
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 10
Abstract
Recycled aggregate concrete–filled steel tube (RACFSTs) are attracting increasing attention from academics as a solution to use recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) as main load bearing members in multilevel or even high-rise buildings. Despite their promising future for structural use, limited attention has been devoted to investigate the time-dependent behavior of such elements. This paper reports on an investigation of how the incorporation of recycled aggregates (RAs) affects the long-term responses of these composite specimens. To achieve this, 21 RACFST specimens with different aggregate replacement ratios have been prepared for the long-term tests. The accuracy of currently available RAC concrete models in predicting the creep behavior of the RACFST specimens has been investigated based on the related experimental results. Replacing natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates can increase the long-term deformation of the composite columns by 22% but barely affects the rate of creep development of the specimens. The observations from the research reported in this paper indicate that it is reasonable to account for such effects by multiplying an amplification factor to the available concrete models for normal composite specimens. Benchmarking analyses have shown that the available amplification factors proposed for RAC members can be used to predict the long-term responses of RACFST specimens by considering a nil exposed perimeter. Parametric analysis has been carried out to evaluate the time effects on the static responses of RACFST specimens.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The research reported in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51178146), and the School of Civil Engineering of the Harbin Institute of Technology.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute) Committee 209R. (1992). Prediction of creep, shrinkage, and temperature effects in concrete structures, Farmington Hills, MI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute) Committee 209R. (2008). Prediction of creep, shrinkage, and temperature effects in concrete structures, Farmington Hills, MI.
Bazant, Z. P., and Baweja, S. (2000). “Creep and shrinkage prediction model for analysis and design of concrete structures: Model B3.” Adam Neville Symp.: Creep and Shrinkage-Structural Design Effects, A. Al-Manaseer, ed., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1–83.
Brito, J., and Robles, R. (2010). “Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) methodology for estimating its long-term properties.” Indian J. Eng. Mater. S., 17(6), 449–462.
BSI (British Standards Institution). (2004). “Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures—Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings.”, London.
BSI (British Standards Institution). (2012). “Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates—Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution–Sieving method.”, London.
CEB (Comité Euro-International du Béton). (1984). CEB design manual on structural effects of time-dependent behaviour of concrete, M. A. Chiorino, P. Napoli, F. Mola, and M. Koprna, eds., Georgi, Saint-Saphorin, Switzerland.
CEB-FIP (Comité Euro-International du Béton/Federation Internationale de la Pre-Contrainte). (1993). CEB-FIP model code 1990, Thomas Telford, London.
Choi, K., and Xiao, Y. (2010). “Analytical studies of concrete-filled circular steel tubes under axial compression.” J. Struct. Eng., 565–573.
Choi, W. C., and Yun, H. D. (2012). “Compressive behavior of reinforced concrete columns with recycled aggregate under uniaxial loading.” Eng. Struct., 41(8), 285–293.
Corinaldesi, V. (2010). “Mechanical and elastic behaviour of concretes made of recycled-concrete coarse aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater., 24(9), 1616–1620.
Domingo-Cabo, A., Lázaro, C., López-Gayarre, F., Serrano-López, M. A., Serna, P., and Castaño-Tabares, J. O. (2009). “Creep and shrinkage of recycled aggregate concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater., 23(7), 2545–2553.
Eexberria, M., Vázquez, E., Marí, A., and Barra, M. (2007). “Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” Cement Concrete Res., 37(5), 735–742.
Fathifazl, G., Ghani Razaqpur, A. G., Isgor, O. B., Abbas, A., Fournier, B., and Foo, S. (2011). “Creep and drying shrinkage characteristics of concrete produced with coarse recycled concrete aggregate.” Cement Concrete Compos., 33(10), 1026–1037.
Geng, Y., Ranzi, G., Wang, Y. Y., and Zhang, S. M. (2012). “Time-dependent behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular columns: Analytical and comparative study.” Mag. Concrete Res., 64(1), 55–69.
Gilbert, R. I., and Ranzi, G. (2010). Time-dependent behaviour of concrete structures, Taylor and Francis, London.
Goto, Y., Kumar, G., and Kawanishi, N. (2010). “Nonlinear finite-element analysis for hysteretic behavior of thin-walled circular steel columns with in-filled concrete.” J. Struct. Eng., 1413–1422.
Han, B., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Q., and Zhang, D. J. (2013). “Creep analysis of CFT columns subjected to eccentric compression loads.” Comput. Concrete, 11(4), 291–304.
Han, L. H., Tao, Z., and Liu, W. (2004). “Effects of sustained load on concrete-filled hollow structural steel columns.” J. Struct. Eng., 1392–1404.
Han, L. H., and Yang, Y. F. (2003). “Analysis of thin-walled steel RHS columns filled with concrete under long-term sustained loads.” Thin Wall Struct., 41(9), 849–870.
Ichinose, L. H., Watanabe, E., and Nakai, H. (2001). “An experimental study on creep of concrete filled steel pipes.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 57(4), 453–466.
Kim, S. W., and Yun, H. D. (2013). “Influence of recycled coarse aggregates on the bond behavior of deformed bars in concrete.” Eng. Struct., 48(3), 133–143.
Kou, S. C., Poon, C. S., and Chan, D. (2007). “Influence of fly ash as cement replacement on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 709–717.
Kwon, S. H., Kim, T. H., Kim, Y. Y., and Kim, J. K. (2007). “Long-term behaviour of square concrete-filled steel tubular columns under axial service loads.” Mag. Concrete Res., 59(1), 53–68.
Kwon, S. H., Kim, Y. Y., and Kim, J. K. (2005). “Long-term behaviour under axial service loads of circular columns made from concrete filled steel tubes.” Mag. Concrete Res., 57(2), 87–99.
Ma, Y. S., and Wang, Y. F. (2012). “Creep of high strength concrete filled steel tube columns.” Thin Wall Struct., 53(4), 91–98.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing, and Urban-Rural Development). (2003). “Standard for test method of mechanical properties on ordinary concrete.”, Architecture and Building, Beijing (in Chinese).
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing, and Urban-Rural Development). (2011a). “Code for design of concrete structures.”, Architecture and Building, Beijing (in Chinese).
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing, and Urban-Rural Development). (2011b). “Technical specification for application of recycled aggregate.”, Architecture and Building, Beijing (in Chinese).
Morino, S., Kswanguchi, J., and Cao, Z. S. (1996). “Creep behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular members.” Proc., Engineering Foundation Conf. on Steel-Concrete Composite Structures, ASCE, New York, 514–525.
Naguib, W., and Mirmiran, A. (2003). “Creep modelling for concrete-filled steel tubes.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 59(11), 1327–1344.
Roeder, C., Lehman, D., and Bishop, E. (2010). “Strength and stiffness of circular concrete-filled tubes.” J. Struct. Eng., 1545–1553.
Terrey, P. J., Bradford, M. A., and Gilbert, R. I. (1994). “Creep and shrinkage in concrete-filled circular steel tubes.” Proc., Sixth Int. Symp. on Tubular Structures, CRC Press, U.K., 293–298.
Uy, B. (2001). “Static long-term effects in short concrete-filled steel box columns under sustained loading.” ACI Struct. J., 98(1), 96–104.
Wang, Y. Y., Geng, Y., Ranzi, G., and Zhang, S. M. (2011). “Time-dependent behaviour of expansive concrete-filled steel tubular columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 67(3), 471–483.
Xiao, J. Z., Li, W. G., Fan, Y. H., and Huang, X. (2012). “An overview of study on recycled aggregate concrete in China (1996–2011).” Constr. Build. Mater., 31(6), 364–383.
Yang, Y. F. (2011). “Behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tubular columns under long-term sustained loads.” Adv. Struct. Eng., 14(2), 189–206.
Yang, Y. F., Han, L. H., and Wu, X. (2008). “Concrete shrinkage and creep in recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tubes.” Adv. Struct. Eng., 11(4), 383–396.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 10 • October 2015
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 28, 2014
Accepted: Dec 9, 2014
Published online: Jan 30, 2015
Discussion open until: Jun 30, 2015
Published in print: Oct 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.