Reinforcing NiTi Superelastic SMA for Concrete Structures
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 8
Abstract
Superelastic (SE) shape memory alloy (SMA) is an advanced material that may be used as an alternative to conventional reinforcing steel in civil engineering structures to control residual deformations. The most common SE SMA type is an alloy of nickel and titanium (NiTi), which has been used in medical instruments and aerospace industries. A state-of-the-art review was conducted and factors that affect stress-strain behavior of SE SMA were identified. Subsequently, a simple constitutive stress-strain model was adopted from the literature, and mechanical properties for SE SMA that are of interest to structural engineering were defined. A procedure was proposed to extract mechanical properties of reinforcing SE SMA from test data obtained according to a standard test, and the range for each property was determined. Comprehensive seismic analyses of a bridge column were carried out to determine the effect of each mechanical property on the moment-curvature and force-displacement relationships. Then, a design specification was proposed for reinforcing SMA bars. The proposed SMA model was used in a finite-element computer program to simulate the seismic behavior of a -scale SMA-reinforced bridge column experiment. The simulated responses were in reasonable agreement with the test data.
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Acknowledgments
The research presented in this paper was funded by the California DOT (Caltrans) through Contract No. 65-A0372. Special thanks are due to Dr. Saad El-Azazy and Dr. Charles Sikorsky, the Caltrans Research Program Managers for their support and advice. The writers are indebted to Messrs. Christian Dahl and Joseph Morente of Headed Reinforcement Corporation (HRC), and Messrs. Frank Sczerzenie, Giorgio Vergani, and Rich LaFond of SAES Smart Materials for generously donating materials and providing advice. The interest and comments of Dr. Darel Hodgson of Nitinol Technology are highly appreciated. The writers are indebted to Dr. Patrick Laplace, Mr. Mark Lattin, and Mr. Chad Lyttle of UNR for their assistance in execution of the tests. The writers would like to thank Mr. Brian Nakashoji of UNR for sharing SMA-reinforced bridge column test data and performing a nonlinear analysis.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 8 • August 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 13, 2013
Accepted: Aug 16, 2014
Published online: Sep 15, 2014
Discussion open until: Feb 15, 2015
Published in print: Aug 1, 2015
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