Seismic Performance Parameter Quantification of Shear-Critical Reinforced Concrete Masonry Squat Walls
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 6
Abstract
In North America, the design of reinforced masonry (RM) shear walls as a seismic force-resisting system (SFRS) is very conservative in terms of quantifying the wall’s shear strength and ductility capacity. In the current study, eight full-scale squat RM walls were tested at McMaster University under quasi-static reversed cyclic loading to quantify their shear strength, idealized displacement ductility, drift-damage relationships, lateral stiffness degradation, and hysteretic damping. The test walls demonstrated shear-strength capacities up to 200% of those predicted by the Canadian Standards Association’s (CSA) masonry design code. In addition, the results demonstrated that the Canadian shear strength expression was, on average, 32 and 34% more conservative than the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC) and the New Zealand Standards (NZS) design codes for masonry, respectively. Moreover, the simplified modified compression field theory (SMCFT), adopted directly from the Canadian concrete design code, gave the most accurate predictions of the tested walls’ shear strength compared with masonry code expressions. Using bilinear idealization, the wall displacement ductility levels were found to range from 3.8 to 9.0 with corresponding equivalent viscous damping ratios of 8.7–19.2%, respectively. Design-oriented expressions were developed to relate the lateral stiffness degradation to ductility and drift levels. The wall drift-damage relationships were presented in fragility curve format for two predefined damage states. In general, the study attempts to shed some light on the behavior of this understudied SFRS (i.e., RM squat walls) to facilitate its adoption in the next generation of performance-based seismic design codes in North America.
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Acknowledgments
Financial support has been provided by the McMaster University Centre for Effective Design of Structures (CEDS) funded through the Ontario Research and Development Challenge Fund (ORDCF) as well as the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. The provision of mason time by Ontario Masonry Contractors Association (OMCA) and the financial support of Canada Masonry Design Centre are both appreciated. The supply of the concrete blocks by the Canadian Concrete Masonry Producers Association (CCMPA) is gratefully acknowledged.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 6 • June 2013
Pages: 957 - 973
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 14, 2011
Accepted: Aug 30, 2012
Published online: May 15, 2013
Published in print: Jun 1, 2013
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