Triaxial Behavior of Concrete Subjected to Dynamic Compression
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 9
Abstract
Experimental research is presented in this paper to investigate the hydrostatic behavior of concrete under dynamic compression. By using the MTS servohydraulic testing system, strain rates from to were achieved. A hydrostatic pressure up to the uniaxial compressive strength of concrete was applied to the specimen with the help of the triaxial loading cell. A series of complete stress-strain curves was obtained for the specimens subjected to different combinations of strain rates and confining pressures, and significant enhancements of the material strength were observed. In particular, the experimental results suggest a clear coupling effect between the enhancements induced by the strain rate and the confining pressures. Finally, a set of empirical formulas is proposed to describe the enhancement of the compressive strength of concrete under different strain rates and relatively low confinement levels. The calculated results agree well with the data of the low confining pressure test and could meet the accuracy requirement in engineering design and applications.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90715033) is greatly appreciated. We would like to acknowledge the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering at Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, for the kind help in conducting the experiments. We also express our gratitude to the reviewers for the valuable suggestions and corrections.
References
Ahmad, S. H., and Shah, S. P. (1982). “Complete triaxial stress-strain curves for concrete.” J. Struct. Div., 108(4), 728–742.
Bakhtar, K., Dibona, D., and Green, S. (1985). “Concrete material properties testing.” Terra Tek research briefing to Defense Nuclear Agency, Salt Lake City.
Balmer, G. G. (1949). “Shearing strength of concrete under high triaxial stress—Computation of Mohr’s envelope as a curve.” Technical Rep. No. SP-23, Structure Research Laboratory, Denver.
Bischoff, P. H., and Perry, S. H. (1991). “Compression behavior of concrete at high strain rates.” Mater. Struct., 24(6), 425–450.
Comité Euro-International du Béton. (1988). “Concrete structures under impact and impulsive loading.” Synthesis Rep., Bulletin d’Information No. 187, Lausanne, France.
Dahl, K. K. B. (1992). “A failure criterion for normal and high strength concrete.” Rep. 286, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Faria, R., Oliver, J., and Cervera, M. (1998). “A strain-based plastic viscous-damage model for massive concrete structures.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 35(14), 1533–1558.
Gran, J. K. (1986a). “Dynamic concrete testing and HEST analyses for hard silo development.” DNA-TR-85-355, SRI Int., Menlo Park, CA.
Gran, J. K. (1986b). “Research on advanced silo hardening (ASH) and cratering and related effects simulation (CARES), Volume II: A dynamic triaxial loader for high strength concrete.” DNA-TR-86-139-V2, SRI Int., Menlo Park, CA.
Gran, J. K. (1987). “Research on advanced silo hardening (ASH) instrumentation and material properties, Volume III: Dynamic triaxial compression tests on high strength concrete.” DNA-TR-87-95-V3, SRI Int., Menlo Park, CA.
Gran, J. K., et al. (1985). “Dynamic concrete testing, instrumentation development, soil-structure interface characterization, and airblast simulation analyses to support hard silo development.” DNA-TR-85-264, SRI Int., Menlo Park, CA.
Gran, J. K., Florence, A. L., and Colton, J. D. (1989). “Dynamic triaxial tests of high-strength concrete.” J. Eng. Mech., 115(5), 891–904.
Jamet, P., Millaro, A., and Nartas, G. (1984). “Triaxial behaviour of a micro-concrete complete stress-strain curves for confining pressures ranging from 0 to 100 MPa.” Proc., RILEM-CEB Symp. on Concrete under Multiaxial Conditions, Vol. 1, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 133–140.
Kotsovos, M. D., and Newman, J. B. (1978). “Generalized stress-strain relations for concrete.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., 104(4), 845–856.
Li, J., and Ren, X. D. (2010). “A review on the constitutive model for static and dynamic damage of concrete.” Adv. Mech., 40(3), 284–297 (in Chinese).
Li, Q., and Ansari, F. (1999). “Mechanics of damage and constitutive relationships for high-strength concrete in triaxial compression.” J. Eng. Mech., 125(1), 1–10.
Lundeen, R. L. (1964). “Dynamic and static tests of plain concrete specimens.” Rep. II, Misc. Paper 6-609, Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS.
Malvern, L. E., et al. (1985). “Dynamic compressive testing of concrete.” Proc., 2nd Symp. on the Interaction of Non-Nuclear Munitions with Structures, Dept. of Defense, Panama Beach, FL, 194–199.
Mihashi, H., and Wittmann, E. H. (1980). “Stochastic approach to study the influence of rate of loading on strength of concrete.” HERON, 25(3), 1–55.
Ministry of Construction. (2002). “Standard for test method of mechanical properties on ordinary concrete of China.” GB/T 50081-2002, Beijing, China.
Richart, F. E., Brandtzaeg, A., and Brown, R. L. (1928). “A study of the failure of concrete under combined compressive stresses.” Engineering Experiment Bulletin No. 185, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
Rossi, P. (1991). “A physical phenomenon which can explain the mechanical behavior of concrete under high strain rates.” Mater. Struct., 24(6), 422–424.
Rossi, P., and Toutlemonde, F. (1996). “Effect of loading rate on the tensile behavior of concrete: Description of physical mechanisms.” Mater. Struct., 29(2), 116–118.
Rossi, P., van Mier, J. G. M., and Boulay, C. (1992). “The dynamic behavior of concrete: The influence of free water.” Mater. Struct., 25(9), 509–514.
Sfer, D., Carol, I., Gettu, R., and Etse, G. (2002). “Study of the behavior of concrete under triaxial compression.” J. Eng. Mech., 128(2), 156–163.
Simo, J. C., and Ju, J. W. (1987). “Strain- and stress-based continuum damage models—I. Formulation.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 23(7), 821–840.
van Mier, J. G. M. (1985). “Influence of damage orientation distribution on the multiaxial stress strain behaviour of concrete.” Cement Concr. Res., 15(5), 849–862.
van Mier, J. G. M. (1986a). “Fracture of concrete under complex stresses.” HERON, 31(3), 1–89.
van Mier, J. G. M. (1986b). “Multiaxial strain-softening of concrete.” Mater. Struct., 19(3), 179–190.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 9 • September 2013
Pages: 1582 - 1592
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 8, 2011
Accepted: Jul 24, 2012
Published online: Aug 11, 2012
Published in print: Sep 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.