Technical Notes
May 18, 2012

Use of the Wind Tunnel Test Method for Obtaining Design Wind Loads on Roof-Mounted Solar Arrays

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 2

Abstract

ASCE 7 does not provide design wind loads for roof-mounted solar panels. This paper discusses the use of the wind tunnel test method, called Method 3 in ASCE 7-05, which was originally intended for obtaining design wind loads for individual buildings. Because roof-mounted solar arrays are generally mounted in many configurations on many buildings of many different shapes, additional requirements are necessary to use Method 3 in this situation. The paper describes these additional requirements.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

G. A. Kopp is grateful to SunLink Corp. for the use of the data presented herein and to Mr. Chris Tilley and Mr. Rob Ward for many useful discussions pertaining to codification and design issues for roof-mounted solar arrays.

References

ASCE. (1999). “Wind tunnel model studies of buildings and structures.” ASCE manual of practice number 67, Reston, VA.
ASCE. (2006). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.” ASCE7-05, Reston, VA.
ASCE. (2010). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.” ASCE7-10, Reston, VA.
Banks, D., Meroney, R. N., Sarkar, P. P., Zhao, Z., and Wu, F. (2000). “Flow visualization of conical vortices on flat roofs with simultaneous surface pressure measurement.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 84(1), 65–85.
Castro, I. P. (1982). “Discussion of ‘Scaling parameters for a time-averaged separation bubble’.” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 104(3), 404–405.
Cochran, L., and Derickson, R. (2010). “A physical modeler’s view of computational wind engineering.” Proc., 5th Int. Symposium on Computational Wind Engineering, International Association of Wind Engineers, Chapel Hill, NC.
Kopp, G. A., Farquhar, S., and Morrison, M. J. (2012). “Aerodynamic mechanisms for wind loads on tilted, roof-mounted, solar arrays.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 111, 40–52.
Lin, J. X., and Surry, D. (1998). “The variation of peak loads with tributary area near corners on flat low building roofs.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 77–78(1), 185–196.
Meroney, R. N., and Neff, D. E. (2010). “Wind effects on roof-mounted solar photovoltaic arrays: CFD and wind-tunnel evaluation.” Proc., 5th Int. Symposium on Computational Wind Engineering, International Association of Wind Engineers, Chapel Hill, NC.
Smits, A. J. (1982). “Scaling parameters for a time-averaged separation bubble.” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 104(2), 178–184.
Stathopoulos, T. (1979). “Turbulent wind action on low-rise buildings.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Stathopoulos, T. (2003). “Wind loads on low-buildings: in the wake of Alan Davenport’s contributions.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 91(12–15), 1565–1585.
Surry, D. (1982). “Consequences of distortions in the flow including mismatching scales and intensities of turbulence.” Wind tunnel modeling for civil engineering applications, T. A. Reinhold, ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 137–185.
Tieleman, H. W. (2003). “Wind tunnel simulation of wind loading on low-rise structures: A review.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 91(12–15), 1627–1649.
Visscher, B., and Kopp, G. A. (2007). “Trajectories of roof sheathing panels under high winds.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 95(8), 697–713.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139Issue 2February 2013
Pages: 284 - 287

History

Received: Dec 14, 2011
Accepted: May 16, 2012
Published online: May 18, 2012
Published in print: Feb 1, 2013

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Gregory A. Kopp, M.ASCE [email protected]
Professor, Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B9 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
David Banks, M.ASCE [email protected]
Principal, Cermak Peterka Petersen Inc., 1415 Blue Spruce Dr., Fort Collins, CO 80524. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share