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EDITOR’S NOTE
Oct 15, 2009

Editor’s Note

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 11

Introducing Members of the Editorial Board—Part IV

Six more editorial board members are profiled in this issue: Finley Charney and Keith Hjelmstad, who serve as associate editors (AEs) in the area of analysis and computation; Venkatesh Kodur, who handles papers on special design issues, particularly fire and high temperature effects; Q. S. Li, one of our international AEs who assists with reviewing papers in wind and general dynamic effects; and Judy Liu and Andrea Surovek, both overseeing papers for the ASCE technical committee on metals.
Finley Charney (Fig. 1), PhD, P.E., F.ASCE, is an associate professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Virginia Tech (VT), located in Blacksburg, Virginia. He also serves as director of the Center for Extreme Load Effects on Structures (CELES), also at Virginia Tech. Prior to joining the VT faculty in 2001, Dr. Charney accumulated more than twenty years of experience as a practicing professional engineer. His research interests are related to the analysis, design, and behavior of structures subjected to wind and seismic effects. Specialties within this field include advanced structural analysis, assessment and modeling of damping in structures, passive energy systems, and the development of new structural systems. Dr. Charney teaches a variety of courses at Virginia Tech, including Structural Analysis, Matrix Structural Analysis, Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Structural Dynamics, Advanced Structural Dynamics, and Earthquake Engineering. He has also developed a variety of continuing education courses, including the ASCE courses Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering, and A Guide to the ASCE 7-05 Seismic Load Provisions. Associated with his educational work, Dr. Charney has created two computer programs, NONLIN and EQ-Tools. He received his MS and BS degrees in civil engineering at the University of Texas at Austin and his PhD in engineering at the University of California at Berkeley.
Fig. 1. Finley Charney
Keith Hjelmstad (Fig. 2), university vice president and dean of the College of Technology and Innovation at Arizona State University (ASU), is the driving force behind one of the most creative and innovative transdisciplinary engineering programs in the country. As the dean of the core college on the polytechnic campus he orchestrates the applied science, engineering, technology, and management programs with those of other ASU units and ensures the academic curricula align with the needs of industry society. As university vice president, he serves on the ASU leadership team and he champions further academic development of programs, activities, and community relations for the polytechnic campus. His 25years of experience as a professor and associate dean of academic affairs and his involvement on the Science Steering Committee of the Center for Simulation of Advanced Rockets at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign helped prepare him for his current position. As a professor at Illinois, he was recognized for his excellence in advising and education. As associate dean, he was instrumental in establishing several innovative programs. Hjelmstad’s research focuses on computational mechanics, earthquake engineering, stability of structures, optimization, structural identification, nondestructive evaluation of large structures, and numerical simulation of complex structures. He is a member of several professional associations for engineers and also serves as associate editor of the Journal of Constructional Steel Research. He earned his PhD and master’s degree in civil engineering from the University of California at Berkeley and his bachelor’s degree in civil engineering from Colorado State University.
Fig. 2. Keith Hjelmstad
Venkatesh Kodur (Fig. 3) is a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and also serves as director of the Center on Structural Fire Safety and Diagnostics at Michigan State University (MSU). Before moving to MSU, he worked as a senior research officer at the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC), where he carried out research in the structural fire safety field. He received his M.Sc. and PhD from Queen’s University, Canada, in 1988 and 1992, respectively. Dr. Kodur’s research has focused on the evaluation of the fire resistance of structural systems through large-scale fire experiments and numerical modeling, characterization of the materials under high temperature (constitutive modeling), performance-based fire safety design of structures, and nonlinear design and analysis of structural systems. He has collaborated closely with various industries, funding agencies, and international organizations, and has developed simplified design approaches for evaluating fire resistance and innovative and cost-effective solutions for enhancing the fire resistance of structural systems. Many of these design approaches and fire resistance solutions have been incorporated into various codes and standards (National Building Code of Canada [NBC], American Concrete Institute [ACI], ASCE, Society of Fire Protection Engineering [SFPE]). He has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers in international journals and conferences in structural and fire resistance areas and has given numerous invited keynote presentations. He is a professional engineer, fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, fellow of ASCE and ACI, and member of SFPE and the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering. He is also chair of the ASCE-SFPE Standards Committee on Structural Design for Fire Conditions, chair of the ACI-The Masonry Society (TMS) Committee 216 on Fire Protection and a member of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Committee (EPSRC, UK) College of Reviewers. He has won many awards, including the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Faculty Fellowship Award for innovation in structural steel design and construction (2007), NRCC outstanding achievement award (2003), and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) award for collaborative research. Dr. Kodur was part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)/ASCE Building Performance Assessment Team that studied the collapse of the World Trade Center buildings as a result of the September 11, 2001, attacks.
Fig. 3. Venkatesh Kodur
Qiu-Sheng Li (Fig. 4) graduated from Shanghai Jiao-Tong University with B.Eng. in 1984 and from the Harbin Institute of Technology with M.Eng. in 1987. He obtained his PhD and the best PhD thesis award from the Faculty of Engineering at Monash University, Australia. Before joining the Department of Building and Construction at City University of Hong Kong in 1996, Dr. Li had seven years of working experience as a research engineer at the Kajima Corporation in Japan and as a consulting engineer in MEL Consultants in Australia. During this period, he was involved in numerous wind engineering and structural dynamic studies on major building and structural developments both in Australia and overseas. His main research interests and technical expertise are in wind engineering, structural dynamics, earthquake engineering, computational mechanics, and reliability and risk assessment. Over the last twenty five years, Dr. Li’s research in these fields has resulted in over 200 refereed international journal papers. He is a coauthor of three books on structural dynamics, earthquake engineering, and structural reliability. Dr. Li has received several awards for his academic contributions, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China’s Outstanding Overseas Scientist Award in 2004, the Professor K. H. Hunt Award in 1997, and the National Second Award of China for Outstanding Research in Science and Technology in 1992 and 2004. He was appointed as Cheung Kong Chair Professor by the State Education Ministry of the People’s Republic of China and Li Ka Shing Foundation, Hong Kong, in 2007. Dr. Li has also been engaged in consultancies for both private and public sectors in the areas of structural health monitoring, wind tunnel testing, and computational fluid dynamics.
Fig. 4. Qiu-Sheng Li
Judy Liu (Fig. 5) is an associate professor in the School of Civil Engineering at Purdue University. She has a bachelor’s of architectural engineering (BAE) from the Pennsylvania State University and a master’s and a PhD in civil engineering from the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Liu has been active in research related to performance evaluation and renewal of structures, with a focus on steel structures. Her research has also included innovative materials and systems. Dr. Liu was awarded a Faculty Fellowship by the AISC and is working on development of a steel slit panel system for lateral resistance of steel-frame buildings. On a team with investigators at Lehigh and Princeton universities, Dr. Liu has researched self-centering damage-free steel-frame systems for seismic resistance through a Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) grant. Other research activities include evaluation of the long-term effects of super heavy-weight vehicles on highway bridges, rehabilitation of a traditional slab on a steel girder bridge with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) deck panels, development of bridge deck testing criteria, and performance evaluation and development of serviceability criteria for FRP deck panels.
Fig. 5. Judy Liu
Andrea Surovek (Fig. 6) is an associate professor of civil and environmental engineering at the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology in Rapid City. She received her BS, BA, and MS degrees from Purdue University and a PhD in civil engineering from Georgia Tech. In addition to her academic position, her professional experience includes new structural design for commercial construction with an emphasis on steel superstructures, structural condition assessments, forensic investigations, and design for structural rehabilitation. She is a registered professional engineer in the states of Texas and South Dakota. Her research interests focus on stability and behavior of steel systems and development of design methodologies. She is the coauthor of the textbook Structural Stability of Steel: Concepts and Applications for Structural Engineers, with Dr. Theodore Galambos, and she was written or coauthored numerous other publications related to the topic of structural stability. Dr. Surovek serves on the Executive Committee of the Structural Stability Research Council (SSRC), where she formerly chaired the task group on frame stability. She is currently the chair of the ASCE/Structural Engineering Institute (SEI) Committee on Structural Members for the Metals Division. Her awards include the 2001 SSRC Vinnekota Award, the American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) Beer and Johnston Outstanding Mechanics Educator Award, and the ASEE Seeley Fellowship.
Fig. 6. Andrea Surovek

This Month in JSE

In this penultimate issue for 2009, we have three papers on the theme of analysis and computation, five papers on metal and composite structures, two papers on seismic effects, and one each on special design issues and structural optimization. Also included is a discussion on a paper dealing with slenderness and second-order effects in columns followed by the original writer’s closure.

Analysis and Computation

“Efficient Beam-Column Element with Variable Inelastic End-Zones” is developed by Lee and Filippou. It uses only one monitoring section in each end inelastic zone of the structural member, but accounts for the spread of inelastic deformations under strain hardening response. The element is shown to be accurate and numerically more efficient than current distributed inelasticity models in simulating the monotonic and cyclic inelastic response of beams and columns under typical curvature distributions. The element can be used to simulate softening response if a relation is available between the length of the softening zone and element response parameters.
A quadratic Timoshenko beam element is developed by William Davids to evaluate the “In-Plane Load-Deflection Behavior and Buckling of Pressurized Fabric Arches” of constant circular cross section. The development is based on a virtual work principle that includes work done by internal pressure as a result of deformation-induced volume changes. A co-rotational formulation and cylindrical arc-length solver are used to permit large displacement analysis and the tracking of postbuckling softening response. Based on parametric studies, it is shown that the work done by the confined air significantly increases arch load capacity and that shear deformations of woven fabrics can significantly reduce arch capacity.
In “Reexamination of the Vibrational Period of Coupled Shear Walls by Differential Transformation,” Chai and Chen solve the governing dynamic equation of motion, established on the basis of replacing the coupling beams by an equivalent laminae medium, as an eigenvalue problem using the recently developed technique of differential transformation. The convergence of solutions, which is important for numerical implementation, is investigated as part of the study.

Metal and Composite Structures

A two-part paper to study the interaction of local and overall flexural buckling in stainless steel columns is presented by Becque and Rasmussen. In “Experimental Investigation of the Interaction of Local and Overall Buckling of Stainless Steel I-Columns,” results from 24 pin-ended column tests under eccentric axial load are reported. The second paper deals with “Numerical Investigation of the Interaction of Local and Overall Buckling of Stainless Steel I-Columns” wherein finite element simulations are carried out using the commercial software ABAQUS. The model is verified against the experimental data presented in the companion paper and subsequently used in parametric studies covering practical ranges of overall and cross-sectional slenderness values.
Shishkin et al. propose an approach for “Analysis of Steel Plate Shear Walls Using the Modified Strip Model.” Based on phenomena observed during loading of steel plate shear walls in the laboratory, the widely used strip model is refined to achieve an accurate representation of yielding and eventual deterioration of the wall. A parametric study using the modified strip mode found that the ultimate capacities of steel plate shear wall models with a wide variety of configurations change little with the variation of the inclination of the strips.
In “Finite-Element Investigation and Design Recommendations for Perforated Steel Plate Shear Walls,” Purba and Bruneau present findings from monotonic pushover analyses on a series of individual perforated strips with variation in perforation diameter and on a corresponding series of complete perforated SPSWs. Though some differences between the SPSW panel strips and the individual strip results are observed at large monitored strain, the two models are in good agreement at lower monitored strains.
A simplified analytical model is presented by Nie et al. for “Deformation Analysis of Prestressed Continuous Steel-Concrete Composite Beams.” Formulae for predicting the cracking region of the concrete slab near interior supports and the increase of the prestressing tendon force are derived. It is found that ignoring the increase of the tendon force can lead to overestimation of the calculated deflection. A general method for deformation analysis of prestressed continuous composite beams is also proposed.

Seismic Effects

A “Damage Avoidance Design Steel Beam-Column Moment Connection Using High-Force-to-Volume Dissipators” is proposed by Mander et al. The beam-column joint region consists of a top flange-hung beam connected to the column by an angle bracket. High force-to-volume devices are attached from the column to the beam to provide joint rigidity and energy dissipation as the joint opens and closes. Based on reversed cyclic lateral load tests with drift amplitudes up to 4%, it is concluded that superior and repeatable energy dissipation without damage can be achieved for every dynamic motion cycle, in contrast to conventional, sacrificially designed welded moment frame connections.
The “Seismic Behavior of PC Column and Steel Beam Composite Moment Frame with Post-tensioned Connection” is investigated experimentally by Wu et al. The precast columns were connected to their footings using splice sleeve method and dowel anchorage method, respectively. Test results indicate that the precast concrete and steel composite moment frame could be designed for resisting seismic load in terms of strength, drift ductility, and post-yield deformation capacity.

Special Design Issues

Results from fire resistance experiments on six reinforced concrete (RC) beams are presented by Dwaikat and Kodur in “Response of Restrained Concrete Beams under Design Fire Exposure.” Test data are used to validate a macroscopic finite element model specifically developed for tracing the fire response of RC beams. Results from the tests and numerical studies show that high-strength concrete beams have lower fire resistance and exhibit higher levels of spalling than normal-strength beams.

Structural Optimization

A procedure for optimized “Flexural and Shear Design of FRP Plated RC Structures Using a Genetic Algorithm” is developed by Perera and Varona. The objective of the procedure is to minimize the material cost of strengthening reinforced concrete beams. Comparative studies are presented to investigate the effect of the different parameters and characteristics of the genetic algorithm.

Discussion and Closure

The issue concludes with a discussion by Aristizabal-Ochoa on the paper “Mechanics and Slenderness Limits of Sway-Restricted Reinforced Concrete Columns” authored by Jostein Hellesland, which appeared in the August 2008 issue of the Journal. The discusser states that the formulation and findings are based on what he refers to as “fallacies.” All these “fallacies” are attributed to the use of simplified 2D mechanical models in the analysis and design of 3D framed structures or multicolumn systems that ignore the interactions between biaxial bending, biaxial shear, torsion and axial effects in their structural components and connections.
In his closure, Hellesland first points to the inappropriate use of the term “fallacy” since the discusser appears to be commenting on limitations of assumptions inherent in the procedure rather than a fundamental flaw or error in the derivation. Further, he indicates that the description has nothing to do with any particular 2D or 3D analysis method. When second-order effects are negligible, first-order analyses will provide sufficiently accurate load effects, and this is typically an acceptable, conservative simplification whether the analysis is 3D or 2D. Finally, the author proceeds to demonstrate the rational basis for the developments in the paper thereby putting to rest the “fallacy” claims of the discusser.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 135Issue 11November 2009
Pages: 1305 - 1309

History

Received: Aug 13, 2009
Accepted: Aug 14, 2009
Published online: Oct 15, 2009
Published in print: Nov 2009

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Authors

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Sashi K. Kunnath
Editor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616. E-mail: [email protected]

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