Global Snow- and Ice-Related Disaster Risk: A Review
Publication: Natural Hazards Review
Volume 23, Issue 4
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the ongoing retreat of the global cryosphere has been affecting human societies and causing a series of snow- and ice-related disasters (SIRDs). Based on existing research results, this paper focuses on searching for the formation mechanism of SIRDs, classifies their types and spatiotemporal scales, and reveals the integrated impacts of the SIRD and its future situation on global high-hazard areas. On land, SIRDs mainly occur in the high mountainous areas of middle–low latitude and the permafrost regions of high latitude, in the behaviors of increasing frequency of glacier/snow/glacier lake outburst flood–related disasters and an expanding range of freeze–thaw disasters. The recorded frost events show a decreasing trend but the hail hazard distributions are greatly heterogenous. Overall, the frequency of rain-on-snow events is projected to increase on land in the future. In the ocean, SIRDs are mainly distributed in the Arctic coastal areas and global low-lying islands or areas, with great potential risk. Among them, coastal freeze–thaw, icebergs, and sea-level rise and its impacts are likely or expected to continue increasing in the next few decades.
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Data Availability Statement
The study is a review paper, thus no data, models, or code were generated or used during the study.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0608504-03) and Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA19070503).
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Natural Hazards Review
Volume 23 • Issue 4 • November 2022
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Published online: Sep 9, 2022
Published in print: Nov 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 9, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Business management
- Climates
- Cold regions engineering
- Disaster risk management
- Disasters and hazards
- Environmental engineering
- Flood frequency
- Floods
- Freeze and thaw
- Freezing
- Frost
- Geology
- Geomorphology
- Geotechnical engineering
- Human and behavioral factors
- Ice
- Meteorology
- Mountains
- Permafrost
- Practice and Profession
- Precipitation
- Snow
- Water and water resources
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