Preparation of Asphalt Modifier Made of Waste Tire Crumb Rubber and Waste Cooking Oil
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34, Issue 8
Abstract
The asphalt modifier formed by the miscibility of waste cooking oil and rubber is referred to as WRO. WRO modifiers prepared from waste tire crumb rubber (WTCR) and waste cooking oil (WCO) have the potential for solving the problems of segregation of rubber asphalt and the low recycling rate of waste cooking oil. The results of the Cole-Cole curve show that the WRO modifier can remarkably enhance the miscibility of WTCR and base asphalt. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) tests proved that WTCR, WCO, and base asphalt were mainly physically miscible during the preparation of the WRO modifier and modified asphalt. In the process of preparing the WRO modifier and modified asphalt, the rubber undergoes devulcanization, conjugated double bond reduction, and oxidation reactions. The WRO modified asphalt presents great workability, storage stability, high-temperature elastic recovery, low-temperature crack resistance, and deformation recovery ability. In addition, the results of the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests present that the WRO modified asphalt has desirable antirutting properties. The optimal preparation process of the WRO modifier preferred by orthogonal design is stirring 0.5 h at 260°C, and the mass ratio of WTCR and WCO is .
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51578097).
References
AASHTO. 2008. Standard method of test for determining the flexural creep stiffness of asphalt binder using the bending beam rheometer. AASHTO T 313-2008. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
AASHTO. 2013. Standard method of test for viscosity determination of asphalt binder using rotational viscometer. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
AASHTO. 2016. Standard method of test for determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer. AASHTO T 315-2012. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
Aoudia, K., S. Azem, N. Aït Hocine, M. Gratton, V. Pettarin, and S. Seghar. 2017. “Recycling of waste tire rubber: Microwave devulcanization and incorporation in a thermoset resin.” Waste Manage. 60 (Feb): 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.051.
Badri, R. M., Z. A. Alkaissi, M. Sutanto, and M. K. Alobaidi. 2020. “Investigating the rheological properties of asphalt binder incorporating different crumb rubber contents based on a response surface methodology.” J. King Saud Univ. Eng. Sci. 2020 (Oct): 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2020.10.009.
Becker, M. Y., A. J. Muller, and Y. Rodriguez. 2003. “Use of rheological compatibility criteria to study SBS modified asphalts.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 90 (7): 1772–1782. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.12764.
Biro, S., T. Gandhi, and S. Amirkhanian. 2009. “Determination of zero shear viscosity of warm asphalt binders.” Constr. Build. Mater. 23 (5): 2080–2086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.08.015.
Cao, X., H. Wang, X. Cao, W. Sun, H. Zhu, and B. Tang. 2018. “Investigation of theological and chemical properties asphalt binder rejuvenated with waste vegetable oil.” Constr. Build. Mater. 180 (Aug): 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.001.
Colom, X., A. Faliq, K. Formela, and J. Cañavate. 2016. “FTIR spectroscopic and thermogravimetric characterization of ground tyre rubber devulcanized by microwave treatment.” Polym. Test. 52 (Jul): 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.04.020.
Domingos, M. D. I., A. L. Faxina, and L. L. B. Bernucci. 2017. “Characterization of the rutting potential of modified asphalt binders and its correlation with the mixture’s rut resistance.” Constr. Build. Mater. 144 (Jul): 207–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.171.
Dong, R., and M. Zhao. 2018. “Research on the pyrolysis process of crumb tire rubber in waste cooking oil.” Renewable Energy 125 (Sep): 557–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.02.133.
Dong, R., M. Zhao, W. Xia, X. Yi, P. Dai, and N. Tang. 2018. “Chemical and microscopic investigation of co-pyrolysis of crumb tire rubber with waste cooking oil at mild temperature.” Waste Manage. 79 (Sep): 516–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.024.
El-Shorbagy, A. M., S. M. El-badawy, and A. R. Gabr. 2019. “Investigation of waste oils as rejuvenators of aged bitumen for sustainable pavement.” Constr. Build. Mater. 220 (Sep): 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.180.
Garcia, P. S., F. D. B. de Sousa, J. A. de Lima, S. A. Cruz, and C. H. Scuracchio. 2015. “Devulcanization of ground tire rubber: Physical and chemical changes after different microwave exposure times.” eXPRESS Polym. Lett. 9 (11): 1015–1026. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2015.91.
Gökalp, İ., and V. E. Uz. 2019. “Utilizing of waste vegetable cooking oil in bitumen: Zero tolerance aging approach.” Constr. Build. Mater. 227 (Dec): 116695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116695.
Hosseinnezhad, S., S. F. Kabir, D. Oldham, M. Mousavi, and E. H. Fini. 2019. “Surface functionalization of rubber particles to reduce phase separation in rubberized asphalt for sustainable construction.” J. Cleaner Prod. 225 (Jul): 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.219.
Jamshidi, A., B. Golchin, M. O. Hamzah, and P. Turner. 2015. “Selection of type of warm mix asphalt additive based on the rheological properties of asphalt binders.” J. Cleaner Prod. 100 (Aug): 89–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.036.
Ji, J., H. Yao, Z. Suo, Z. You, H. Li, S. Xu, and L. Sun. 2017. “Effectiveness of vegetable oils as rejuvenators for aged asphalt binders.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (3): D40160033. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001769.
Kabir, S. F., M. Mousavi, and E. H. Fini. 2019. “Selective adsorption of bio-oils’ molecules onto rubber surface and its effects on stability of rubberized asphalt.” J. Cleaner Prod. 252 (Apr): 119856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119856.
Kabir, S. F., R. Zheng, A. G. Delgado, and E. H. Fini. 2021. “Use of microbially desulfurized rubber to produce sustainable rubberized bitumen.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 164 (Jan): 105144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105144.
Li, J., F. Xiao, and S. N. Amirkhanian. 2020. “High temperature rheological characteristics of plasma-treated crumb rubber modified binders.” Constr. Build. Mater. 236 (Mar): 117614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117614.
Li, Y., A. Shen, Z. Lyu, S. Wang, K. Formela, and G. Zhang. 2019. “Ground tire rubber thermo-mechanically devulcanized in the presence of waste engine oil as asphalt modifier.” Constr. Build. Mater. 222 (Oct): 588–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.162.
Liang, M., P. Liang, W. Fan, C. Qian, X. Xin, J. Shi, and G. Nan. 2015. “Thermo-rheological behavior and compatibility of modified asphalt with various styrene–butadiene structures in SBS copolymers.” Mater. Des. 88 (Dec): 177–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.002.
Liang, M., S. Ren, W. Fan, H. Wang, W. Cui, and P. Zhao. 2017. “Characterization of fume composition and rheological properties of asphalt with crumb rubber activated by microwave and TOR.” Constr. Build. Mater. 154 (Nov): 310–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.199.
Lin, P., W. Huang, N. Tang, and F. Xiao. 2017. “Performance characteristics of Terminal Blend rubberized asphalt with SBS and polyphosphoric acid.” Constr. Build. Mater. 141 (Jun): 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.138.
Liu, H., W. Zeiada, G. G. AL-Khateeb, A. Shanableh, and M. Samarai. 2021. “Use of the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test to characterize the rutting potential of asphalt binders: A literature review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 269 (Feb): 121320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121320.
Lyu, L., J. Pei, D. Hu, and E. H. Fini. 2021. “Durability of rubberized asphalt binders containing waste cooking oil under thermal and ultraviolet aging.” Constr. Build. Mater. 299 (Sep): 124282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124282.
Ma, J., G. Sun, D. Sun, Y. Zhang, A. Cannone Falchetto, T. Lu, M. Hu, and Y. Yuan. 2020. “Rubber asphalt modified with waste cooking oil residue: Optimized preparation, rheological property, storage stability and aging characteristic.” Constr. Build. Mater. 258 (Oct): 120372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120372.
Pei, X., W. Fan, Y. Liu, C. Qian, Y. Wang, Y. Jiang, S. Chen, Z. Wang, and L. Han. 2020. “The effect of oil sands de-oiled asphalt on rheological properties, compatibility and stability of asphalt binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 263 (Dec): 263120594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120594.
Ragab, M., and M. Abdelrahman. 2018. “Enhancing the crumb rubber modified asphalt’s storage stability through the control of its internal network structure.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. 11 (1): 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijprt.2017.08.003.
Ren, S., X. Liu, W. Fan, C. Qian, G. Nan, and S. Erkens. 2021. “Investigating the effects of waste oil and styrene-butadiene rubber on restoring and improving the viscoelastic, compatibility, and aging properties of aged asphalt.” Constr. Build. Mater. 269 (Feb): 121338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121338.
Rincon, L. A., J. G. Cadavid, and A. Orjuela. 2019. “Used cooking oils as potential oleochemical feedstock for urban biorefineries Study case in Bogota, Colombia.” Waste Manage. 88 (Apr): 200–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.042.
Sheng, Y., H. Li, J. Geng, Y. Tian, Z. Li, and R. Xiong. 2017. “Production and performance of desulfurized rubber asphalt binder.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. 10 (3): 262–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijprt.2017.02.002.
Song, P., C. Wan, Y. Xie, K. Formela, and S. Wang. 2018. “Vegetable derived-oil facilitating carbon black migration from waste tire rubbers and its reinforcement effect.” Waste Manage. 78 (Aug): 238–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.054.
Subhy, A. 2017. “Advanced analytical techniques in fatigue and rutting related characterizations of modified bitumen: Literature review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 156 (Dec): 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.147.
Sun, D., F. Ye, F. Shi, and W. Lu. 2006. “Storage stability of SBS-modified road asphalt: Preparation, morphology, and rheological properties.” Petroleum Sci. Technol. 24 (9): 1067–1077. https://doi.org/10.1081/LFT-200048186.
Tang, N., W. Huang, and F. Xiao. 2016. “Chemical and rheological investigation of high-cured crumb rubber-modified asphalt.” Constr. Build. Mater. 123 (Oct): 847–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.131.
Walubita, L. F., L. Fuentes, H. Tanvir, H. R. Chunduri, and S. Dessouky. 2021. “Correlating the asphalt-binder BBR test data to the HMA (ML-OT) fracture properties.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 33 (9): 04021230. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003866.
Walubita, L. F., E. Mahmoud, L. Fuentes, A. Prakoso, and J. J. Komba. 2020a. “Correlating the asphalt-binder high-temperature properties (DSR) to HMA permanent deformation (RLPD) and field rutting: A laboratory-field study.” Constr. Build. Mater. 262 (6): 120761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120761.
Walubita, L. F., G. Martinez-Arguelles, H. R. Chunduri, J. Hernandez, and L. Fuentes. 2020b. “Statistical evaluation of the material-source effect on the ductility and elastic recovery (ER) of plant-mix extracted asphalt-binders.” Adv. Civ. Eng. 2020 (1): 12.
Wang, C., L. Xue, W. Xie, Z. You, and X. Yang. 2018. “Laboratory investigation on chemical and rheological properties of bio-asphalt binders incorporating waste cooking oil.” Constr. Build. Mater. 167 (Apr): 348–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.038.
Wang, H., X. Liu, S. Erkens, and A. Skarpas. 2020a. “Experimental characterization of storage stability of crumb rubber modified bitumen with warm-mix additives.” Constr. Build. Mater. 249 (Jul): 118840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118840.
Wang, H., X. Liu, H. Zhang, P. Apostolidis, S. Erkens, and A. Skarpas. 2020b. “Micromechanical modeling of complex shear modulus of crumb rubber modified bitumen.” Mater. Des. 188 (Mar): 108467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108467.
Wen, Y., Q. Liu, L. Chen, J. Pei, J. Zhang, and R. Li. 2020. “Review and comparison of methods to assess the storage stability of terminal blend rubberized asphalt binders.” Constr. Build. Mater. 258 (Oct): 119586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119586.
Yang, X., and Z. You. 2015. “High temperature performance evaluation of bio-oil modified asphalt binders using the DSR and MSCR tests.” Constr. Build. Mater. 76 (Feb): 380–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.11.063.
Yi, X., R. Dong, and N. Tang. 2020. “Development of a novel binder rejuvenator composed by waste cooking oil and crumb tire rubber.” Constr. Build. Mater. 236 (Mar): 117621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117621.
Zahoor, M., S. Nizamuddin, S. Madapusi, and F. Giustozzi. 2021. “Sustainable asphalt rejuvenation using waste cooking oil: A comprehensive review.” J. Cleaner Prod. 278 (Jan): 123304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123304.
Zargar, M., E. Ahmadinia, H. Ash, and M. R. Karim. 2012. “Investigation of the possibility of using waste cooking oil as a rejuvenating agent for aged bitumen.” J. Hazard. Mater. 233 (Sep): 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.021.
Zhang, J., L. F. Walubita, A. N. M. Faruk, P. Karki, and G. S. Simate. 2015. “Use of the MSCR test to characterize the asphalt binder properties relative to HMA rutting performance—A laboratory study.” Constr. Build. Mater. 94 (Sep): 218–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.06.044.
Zhao, Z., F. Xiao, and S. Amirkhanian. 2020. “Recent applications of waste solid materials in pavement engineering.” Waste Manage. 108 (May): 78–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.024.
Zhou, T., S. F. Kabir, L. Cao, H. Luan, Z. Dong, and E. H. Fini. 2020. “Comparing effects of physisorption and chemisorption of bio-oil onto rubber particles in asphalt.” J. Cleaner Prod. 273 (9): 123112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123112.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34 • Issue 8 • August 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 16, 2021
Accepted: Dec 2, 2021
Published online: May 24, 2022
Published in print: Aug 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Oct 24, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Jie Gong, Fan Jing, Ruikang Zhao, Chenxuan Li, Jun Cai, Qingjun Wang, Hongfeng Xie, Waste Cooking Oil-Modified Epoxy Asphalt Rubber Binders with Improved Compatibility and Extended Allowable Construction Time, Molecules, 10.3390/molecules27207061, 27, 20, (7061), (2022).
- Yan Liu, Xin-Gang Fan, Meng-Yu Liu, Lei Wang, Peng-Yu Wang, Han-Rui Xu, Yu-Xin Chen, Shuo-Ping Chen, Fatty acid wax from epoxidation and hydrolysis treatments of waste cooking oil: synthesis and properties, RSC Advances, 10.1039/D2RA06390E, 12, 55, (36018-36027), (2022).
- Shobhit Jain, Anush K. Chandrappa, Rheological and chemical investigation on asphalt binder incorporating high recycled asphalt with waste cooking oil as rejuvenator, Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 10.1007/s41062-022-00871-3, 7, 4, (2022).